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Nephrectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of a kidney. There are two types of surgery for nephrectomy: radical nephrectomy (to remove the entire kidney and tissues of fat that surround the kidney) and partial nephrectomy (removes only diseased tissue from a kidney and leaves the healthy tissue in place). The surgery is performed to treat kidney cancer and other kidney diseases. Sometimes, it is also performed to remove a healthy kidney from a donor for a transplant.
Nephrectomy can be performed through laparoscopic or open surgery. Both are performed under general anesthetic. Laparoscopic nephrectomy is usually performed to remove part of your kidney. Your surgeon makes small incisions in your abdomen to insert the laparoscope and small surgical tools. If your entire kidney needs to be removed, your surgeon will use open surgery. During open surgery, your surgeon makes one large incision on your abdomen or along your side.
You are required to stay in the hospital for two to five days. Plan to stay in Pakistan for around 10 to 14 days because you are likely to develop deep vein thrombosis after the surgery. You will also need to attend follow-up checkups, during which your surgeon will remove your stitches.
The recovery period after a nephrectomy may take around three to six weeks. During your recovery period, you should avoid any strenuous activity and follow the post-operative instruction that your surgeon gives you. The instruction usually includes dietary restriction, exercise, and care for your healing wounds
Most people can function well with only one kidney. After the procedure, you can resume your daily routine and activities after 3 weeks. However, you will likely need checkups to monitor kidney function. These include monitoring your blood pressure, waste filtration, and protein urine levels. Since you only have one kidney, you will need to eat a healthy diet and engage in regular exercise to preserve normal kidney function.
Nephrectomy is generally safe and the risks are very small. Partial nephrectomy has about a 95% success rate. Nevertheless, the procedure carries potential risks, such as bleeding, injury to nearby organs, infection, post-operative pneumonia, and rare allergic reaction to anesthesia.
For certain illnesses, there are alternatives that do not need the removal of a kidney. The alternatives include renal embolization.
After nephrectomy, you will no longer experience symptoms that you had before the surgery. The risk of cancer, as well as cancer spreading to other parts of your body, is also reduced. Remember that taking care of your remaining kidney is extremely important.
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers
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The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a country located in South Asia and it is the fifth-most populous country of the world, with a population exceeding 207.8 million. Although the country has plenty of natural and historical riches, this country is off the radar for most tourists due to political instability. Those who are curious enough to visit the country will find that it is filled with beautiful, from Mughals and mountains to the mighty Karakoram.
A large number of ultra-modern medical centers are available, and they are equipped and facilitated with the most advanced medical technologies. Numerous doctors and surgeons at these medical centers are normally foreign qualified. Large numbers of patients from neighboring countries and the Middle East have traveled to Pakistan to undergo various medical procedures, mainly for organ transplants or fertility treatments.
The capital city of Pakistan is Islamabad. This city was built as a planned city to replace Karachi as the country’s capital. Islamabad is known for its safety, high standards of living, and plenty of green spaces. Here, tourists can admire the symmetry of the Pakistan Monument, check out the Daman-e-Koh viewpoint, visit the Lok Virsa Museum, and stroll around the Faisal Mosque. Karachi, the original capital of the country, is a sprawling metropolis. Most visitors usually come to check out the Quaid Mausoleum and the Tuba Mosque. Another popular city for tourism in Lahore, which is filled with beautiful architecture and interesting museums. The most popular attractions in this city are the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort, the Sheesh Mahal, and the Delhi Gate.
The busiest airport in Pakistan is the Jinnah International Airport, which is located in Karachi. It serves both domestic and international flights to and from several cities in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. Taking domestic flights can be a great way to travel around. The rail network is also extensive and comfortable. Taxis and Uber are also available.
Citizens of 5 countries, including Maldives, Nepal, Samoa, Tonga, and Trinidad and Tobago, can visit Pakistan without a visa. Several countries, such as Austria and the UAE, may obtain a visa on arrival if they possess ETA. Citizens of 15 countries, including Armenia and India, are eligible to apply for an online visa.
Summer (March – October) is hot and dry in the northern regions. However, July and August can be rainy, making the weather hot and humid. The temperatures can range from 9°C to 38°C. Winter (November – April) can be really severe and most cities will get frost. Also, the northern part of the country experiences heavy rainfall during this season. The average temperature ranges from 3°C to 25°C.