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Treating primary bone cancer is a complex medical procedure aimed at removing or greatly decreasing the cancer in your bones. This procedure is detailed and utilizes advanced medical equipment, handled by trained healthcare experts.
There are several treatment options available for primary bone cancer. The type of treatment you have will depend on the type, location, size, and stage of your cancer, as well as your age, general health, and preference. The treatment option for primary bone cancer includes surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, cryosurgery, and targeted therapy.
The price of getting a Primary Bone Cancer Treatment in Tunisia can change a lot, based on a bunch of different things. These things can be how tricky the health problem is, what stage the cancer is at, and what specific treatments are being used. For instance, a simple surgery to remove a bone tumor might not cost as much as a difficult situation where the cancer has spread and needs a mix of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
On top of that, the price can also change depending on the health institution you choose. Famous hospitals and clinics might ask for more money because they have a good reputation, skilled doctors and nurses, and use modern machines. It's also important to remember that the kind of personal care and extra services provided can change the cost as well. This could include care from nurses, physiotherapy, diet tips, and mental health help.
Apart from the main treatment costs, you also need to think about the extra costs that might build up. This might involve the price of medicine, future check-ups, tests, physiotherapy sessions, and costs for a place to stay if the patient's family members are coming with them during their stay in Tunisia.
Surgery for tumors in a leg or arm
Surgery is the most common treatment for primary bone cancer. It aims to remove the tumor, as well as some of the bone tissue surrounding it. Note that all types of surgery are performed under general anesthesia.
There are different types of surgery depending on the location of cancer:
Limb-sparing surgery – this surgery is done to remove cancer but keep the limb. It is performed in about 9 out of 10 people. During limb-sparing surgery, your surgeon will take out the affected part of the bone. Some normal-looking bone and muscle that surrounds it will also be removed. The bone that is removed will be replaced with a bone graft (a piece of healthy bone from another part of your body or from a “bone bank”) or an implant.
Surgery to remove the limb (amputation) – when it is impossible to remove all of cancer without affecting the leg or arm too much, the only effective treatment is to remove the limb. This type of surgery is uncommon and is done in about 1 out of 10 people.
Rotationplasty – this surgery may be needed when the tumor is located around the knee or in the thigh bone. This surgery involves removing the tumor, then the lower part of the leg is rotated 180 degrees and attached to the upper part of the leg so that your ankle becomes your new knee joint. To replace the lower part of the leg, an external prosthesis is used.
Surgery for cancers in other parts of the body
If the cancer is located in your lower jaw, part of the jaw where the tumor is can be removed. It will then be replaced with bones from other parts of your body. Surgery for other parts of your body, such as the pelvic bones, are complex and need to be planned carefully.
Radiation therapy, or radiotherapy, uses high-energy beams, such as X-rays, to kill cancer cells. It is most often used to treat a type of primary bone cancer called Ewing sarcoma. During the procedure, you will lie on a table that slides into a special machine. The machine will move around you and aim the high-energy beams at specific points on your body.
This type of treatment is usually used before surgery to shrink the tumor, making it easier to remove and reducing the chance of amputation. It may also be used in people with primary bone cancer that cannot be removed with surgery, or combined with other types of treatment.
With chemotherapy, drugs are used to kill cancer cells. The drugs are usually injected into a vein (intravenously) for several hours. It is an important part of treatment for Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma but is not typically used to treat chordoma and chondrosarcoma.
Cryosurgery is sometimes performed to replace surgery to remove tumors from the bone. It uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and kill cancer cells.
Targeted therapy uses a drug that is specifically designed to interact with a molecule causing cancer cells to grow. Doctors use denosumab (Xgeva), a monoclonal antibody, in targeted therapy. It is approved to treat adults and skeletally mature adolescents who have giant cell tumor of bone that cannot be treated with surgery.
Your length of stay in Tunisia depends on the type of treatment you have. After surgery, you may need to stay in the hospital for 4 to 7 days and stay in the country for 10 to 14 days. The length of stay after chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy depends on your treatment plan or cycle. Your cancer team and/or medical travel team will be able to advise you on this matter.
Everyone recovers differently. It may take several months for your bone to fully heal after surgery. If you have had an amputation, it may take a year before your limb is completely comfortable. With therapy, you may be able to return to your normal routine, including work, when you do not experience any symptoms or side effects that interfere with your ability to perform your daily activity. Ensure to ask your employer to adjust your work schedule when you are undergoing therapy. It's crucial for patients to be aware of this, as giving the body ample time to heal can significantly enhance the success rate of the treatment.
After surgery, physical therapy and rehabilitation are very important. Physical therapists will show you exercises to keep the muscles around your surgery site flexible and strong. Physical therapy will help you regain ease of movement and flexibility. Following the recommended rehabilitation program may offer the highest chance of good long-term limb function.
You may also need to attend checkups every 3 to 12 months after your treatment. These checkups are important to ensure that cancer has not come back and to help you manage any side effects from the treatment.
Primary Bone Cancer Treatment has been doing well, helping a large number of patients feel better and see notable improvement in their health status. The treatment is generally safe and many patients may be cured completely after successful treatment. The efficiency of this treatment relies on multiple things such as the kind and stage of the primary bone cancer, the patient's overall health state, and how quick and effective the treatment plan is carried out.
When the Primary Bone Cancer Treatment is carried out correctly, it doesn't just add more years to the patient's life but also enhances the quality of those years. Lots of patients are able to get back to their normal lives after they recover, showing how effective the procedure is. The success rate of the procedure is boosted by the high-tech medical tools and the skilled healthcare professionals in Tunisia.
Many people take part in clinical treatments as an alternative to the primary bone cancer treatments mentioned above. A clinical trial is a study and research that is used to develop new treatments for cancer.
Considering the Primary Bone Cancer Treatment, it's crucial to arm yourself with sufficient knowledge about what you can anticipate before and after the intervention. A clear understanding of the process can help minimize fear and set pragmatic expectations, which can ultimately facilitate a smoother and more effective recuperation journey.
Prior to the procedure, healthcare professionals will carry out various diagnostic procedures to pinpoint the exact location and phase of the cancer. Such tests may encompass imaging procedures such as CT scans, MRI, or bone scans, a biopsy, or blood tests. It's imperative to share details about your medical background, any family incidence of cancer, and all medications you are currently taking. The medical team will offer a comprehensive explanation of the procedure, including the potential risks and advantages. They will also share vital preoperative directions to ensure your safety and the procedure's success.
Post the Primary Bone Cancer Treatment, the recovery journey varies for each individual since it significantly depends on the particular procedure conducted and the patient's overall health. The healthcare team will share post-operative care guidelines, typically involving wound management, pain control, dietary instructions, and physical therapy exercises. Regular follow-up visits will be planned to oversee the procedure's effectiveness and timely identify any potential cancer recurrence. These follow-up consultations may also involve imaging tests to evaluate the surgery's success.
In terms of symptoms, before primary bone cancer treatment, you may experience symptoms that stop you from enjoying your life. It can also spread to other parts of your body and threaten your life. After surgery, the symptoms should be relieved and your chance of being cured completely is good. It can be very hard to accept sudden changes in your ability to move and your looks. It is important to remember that those who love you will not see you any differently as a person. Let them know how you feel so they can help to support you.
It is important to know that primary bone cancer treatment does carry some risks and side effects, such as:
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers
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Tunisia is one of the few countries which can cater to everyone and it manages to combine climate, golden beaches, history, and shopping for an “all-around” experience. It has a high standard of healthcare and an excellent reputation for cosmetic surgery. Cosmetic and plastic surgeons are regulated by the Tunisian Ministry of Health and the private clinics have state-of-the-art equipment and English-speaking staff. Tunisia welcomes an ever-increasing number of medical tourists each year, many of whom travel for Primary Bone Cancer Treatment procedures. Medical Tourists travel from all across the globe, particularly from Europe and neighboring African countries with an inferior healthcare system. Popular medical tourism destinations outside of the capital, Tunis, include Sousse and Mahdia
The North of Tunisia has a subtropical Mediterranean climate with mild rainy winters and hot summers. The South and inland areas have a tropical desert climate.
The weather is relatively comfortable throughout the year. Summer starts in June and lasts until August. The average temperature is between 28 °C to 32 °C with July and August being the hottest months. The heat is not as bad on the coast because of the seaside breeze. Be aware that July to September is the jellyfish season.
The heat decreases in autumn and the weather is somewhat more comfortable. There are occasional rain showers in September. The temperature in October can be like summer during day time, but cold at night. October has more rain than September. The season lasts for three months from September to November with an average temperature of around 19 °C to 29 °C.
The weather in winter can be uncertain. The average temperature is between 16 °C and 18 °C, but it can drop to 7 °C at night and below 0 °C in highlands and deserts and a clear sky is rare during this season.
Spring comes in March and the temperature can rise to 20 °C. Mornings and nights are cold; there is still a high probability of rains and thunderstorms at the end of this season.
Tunisia has several international airports. The main airport is Tunic-Carthage International Airport. It has international connections with major European countries and the Middle East. The airport is the hub for Tunisair, Tunisair Express, and Nouvelair. Other airports that have international flights are Enfidha-Hammamet, Monastir Habib Bourguiba, Djerba-Zarzis, and Tabarka-Aïn Draham.
Taxis and buses are available to get to the city center from Tunis Airport. The SNT bus line departs every 30 minutes from the airport, the ticket costs less than 1 TND. There is also the TUT bus which departs every 15 minutes and is more luxurious and expensive.
Airport taxis are available at the airport taxi stand and are usually metered. Always make sure that the driver turns the meter on before riding the taxis. A journey to the city should cost around 5 TND. An extra cost will be added if you have baggage.
Getting around in Tunisia can be done by several transportation modes. Tunisair Express provides domestic flights between Tunis, Tozeur, Djerba, and Gabes. The Train is also available and the national train company in the country is SNCFT that runs modern and comfortable trains from Tunis to Sousse, Sfax, and Monastir. There are three classes of service that tourists can choose. The fare from Tunis to Sousse is between 6 to 10 TND. The long-distance bus is an economical option to travel between big cities such as Tunis, Hammamet, and Nabeul. The buses usually depart every 30 minutes.
Citizens of 97 countries (including Australia, China Singapore, the United States, and Russia) can visit and stay in Tunisia for up to 90 days without a visa. Other nationalities are advised to check with their local Tunisia embassy. Tunisia provides an online visa application for nationalities that needs a visa to enter. The eVisa will simplify the process of obtaining travel authorization to enter the country.
Local Currency: the local currency is the Tunisian dinar (TND). 1 USD converts to 2.61 TND.
Money & Payments: ATMs can be found in most cities and in all tourist areas. Many ATMs have withdrawal limits of 400 TND. Credit cards (MasterCard and Visa) are accepted in major cities and tourist areas. They can be used for shops, car hire, or top-end accommodation. Always make sure to carry cash if you want to travel outside major cities. Tipping is not necessary but will be appreciated.
Local Language: Arabic is the official language of Tunisia. French is very common due to the country’s former status as a French protectorate. English is still very limited except in the tourist areas and expensive hotels.
Local Culture and Religion: Islam is the major religion with 98% of the population identified as Muslim. There is a small group of Christian and Jews. Since most of the population is Muslim, always remember that the dress code is important in Tunisia.
Public Holidays: Tunisia celebrates major Islam holidays. The country hosts several annual festivals throughout the year such as The International Festival of the Sahara, Yasmine Hammamet Festival, and the International Festival of Carthage.