Neurology in Abu Dhabi

Neurology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and the treatment of diseases of the nervous system. The nervous system is a complex and sophisticated system that regulates and coordinates our body activities. It is divided into two major parts:

• The central nervous system: the brain and spinal cord
• The peripheral nervous system: all nerves branching out from the brain and spinal cord, and extend to other parts of the body, including organs and muscles.

Since the nervous system is complex, there are numerous subspecialties within the field of neurology, including:

• Neurodevelopmental disabilities
• Pediatric or child neurology
• Neuromuscular medicine
• Pain medicine
• Hospice and palliative care neurology
• Headache medicine
• Vascular Neurology (stroke care)
• Sleep medicine
• Autonomic disorders
• Brain injury medicine
• Neuropsychiatry
• Epilepsy
• Neurointensive care

A doctor who specializes in treating diseases of the nervous system is called a neurologist. Symptoms that often require a neurologist help may include coordination problems, muscle weakness, confusion, dizziness, and a change in sensation. People who are having problems with their senses, such as vision, touch, or smell, may also require to see a neurologist since problems with senses are sometimes caused by disorders of the nervous system.

A neurologist may also treat patients with:

• Stroke
• Seizure disorders, such as epilepsy
• Migraines and headaches
• Brain aneurysms
• Brain tumors
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Multiple sclerosis
• Infections of the nervous systems, such as meningitis, encephalitis, or brain abscesses
• Neuromuscular disorders, such as myasthenia gravis
• Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Lou Gehrig’s disease
• Sleep disorders
• Spinal cord disorders, such as autoimmune and inflammatory disorders
• Speech and language disorders

Keep in mind that neurologist does not perform surgery. If you need surgery, you will be referred to a neurosurgeon.

What does Neurology Involve?

A wide variety of different tests and procedures are used to diagnose and treat neurological conditions. On your first appointment with a neurologist, a physical and neurological exam is likely to be performed. A neurological exam is done to test muscle strength, coordination, and reflexes.

Because different diseases can have similar symptoms, more than one testing may be required for your neurologist to make a diagnosis.

Some of the procedures that fall into the field of neurology may include:

Electromyography

Electromyography (EMG) is used to measure how well your muscles react to electrical stimulation from motor neurons, which are specific nerves controlling muscle movement. It can help neurologists diagnose general muscle or nerve dysfunction, as well as spinal cord disease.

During an EMG, small needles called electrodes are inserted into the muscle by a specially trained technician. The electrodes can measure the different electrical activity occurring in muscle tissue during periods of movement and rest.

Electroencephalogram

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is performed to assess and record electrical activity in your brain. Neurons in our brain communicate with other neurons through electrical impulses, which an EEG can record. Brain wave patterns can also be tracked by an EEG. It is used to help diagnose conditions of the brain, including tumors, inflammation, injuries, as well as psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, and seizures.

During an EEG, electrodes are placed on your head. The electrodes are connected to a computer, which converts electrical signals into patterns that can be seen from a screen or printed on a piece of paper.

Lumbar puncture

Lumbar puncture is done to test your spinal fluid. It involves inserting a needle into your spine after numbing it with an anesthetic. Using the needle, a sample of your spinal fluid is taken.

A lumbar puncture can help diagnose the following conditions:

• Meningitis
• Encephalitis
• Leukemia
• Myelitis
• Dementia
• Autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Bleeding in the brain

The procedure can also be used to treat conditions affecting the spinal cord. Your neurologist may inject anesthetics, cancer treatments, or antibiotics using a lumbar puncture needle.

Tensilon test

To help diagnose myasthenia gravis, your neurologist may perform a tensilon test. It involves the injection of a medicine called Tensilon. Then, your neurologist observes how medicine affects your muscle movements.

Sleep study

Chronic sleep problems are diagnosed in a Sleep Study. Also known as a Polysomnogram (PSG), this procedure involves monitoring patients during sleep and physiological data is recorded electronically.

Other tests

Other types of tests may be used by your neurologist to make a diagnosis. These may include:

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI scan)
• Computed tomography (CT scan)
• Positron emission tomography (PET scan)
• Biopsy
• Genetic testing
• Angiography

Botox injections

Botox injections can be done to treat some neurological conditions, such as cerebral palsy, that can cause your limbs to pull in toward your center. Sometimes, these contracted muscles can be relaxed with Botox injections.

Botox injections involve injecting tiny amounts of botulinum toxin into your skin of muscles using a thin needle.

Brain tumor treatment

A range of treatments can be done to treat a brain tumor. If your neurologist believes that you need surgery, you will be referred to a neurosurgeon who will remove as much of the brain tumor as possible through surgery.

A brain tumor may also be treated with radiation therapy, which uses high-energy beams to kill tumor cells.

Brain tumor treatment may be integrated between the departments of neurology and oncology.

Brain rehabilitation therapy

Brain rehabilitation therapy is used to help you relearn functions that are lost as a result of a brain injury. Brain rehabilitation therapy is usually integrated between specialty teams in the departments of neurology, sports medicine, psychiatry and psychology, neuroradiology, and the vestibular/balance laboratory.

Deep brain stimulation

During deep brain stimulation, electrodes are implanted within certain areas of the brain. The electrodes generate electrical impulses that can regulate abnormal impulses. These electrical impulses may also affect certain chemicals and cells within the brain.

Deep brain stimulation can be done to treat numerous conditions, including dystonia, essential tremor, epilepsy, and Parkinson’s disease. It is also being studied as a potential treatment for multiple sclerosis and stroke recovery.

Spinal stenosis treatment

Spinal stenosis is a condition that occurs when the spinal canal narrows and pinches the nerves, leading to back and leg pain. Spinal stenosis may be treated with pain medications, physical therapy, steroid injections, decompression procedure, or surgery. Surgery is usually performed if other treatments have not helped.

How Long Should I Stay in Abu Dhabi?

Your length of stay depends on the type of procedure you have, you may be allowed to leave the hospital on the same day or you will stay for several days. For diagnostic procedures, you should be allowed to leave the hospital on the same day. However, you should wait until the results of the test are ready before you can fly home, which may take as long as 7 days, sometimes even longer. If you undergo brain tumor treatments or other types of treatment, especially treatments that involve surgical intervention, you should aim to stay in Abu Dhabi at least for 10 days.

What's the Recovery Time?

The recovery time can be different for each procedure. It may also depend on the reason why you are having the procedure and your overall health. Your neurologist and neurosurgeon will give you a recovery timeline for each procedure. The recovery period for diagnostic procedures is typically short and you may be able to resume your normal activities within a week or so. For surgical procedures, you may need to wait 4 weeks or months until you can go back to your daily routine, including work and exercise.

What About Aftercare?

A detailed aftercare instruction will be given to you following your procedure. While the instructions will be different for each procedure, they typically include a diet plan, exercise, restrictions, and wound care (if any surgical intervention is involved). You should follow these instructions carefully in order to have a speedy and smooth recovery.

You may also need to attend follow-up checkups to monitor your overall condition and healing. For brain tumors, you may need to attend regular checkups to ensure the tumor has not come back.

What's the Success Rate?

The field of neurology is constantly advancing. The success rate of each procedure is typically high, particularly when performed by highly skilled and experienced medical professionals. Still, some procedures may carry some risks, such as bleeding, infection, and nerve injury.

Are there Alternatives to Neurology?

Since neurology is the branch of medicine to diagnose and treat problems of the nervous system, there are no other alternatives. However, if your doctor found that your disease or illness is found to be caused by other problems unrelated to the nervous system, your doctor will recommend you to see the relevant doctor.

Neurology in and around Abu Dhabi

About Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi is the capital city of the United Arab Emirates and the richest city in the country due to its oil fields. Abu Dhabi is an advanced but conservative cosmopolitan city. In 2018, the city was ranked as the safest city in the world with the lowest crime index of more than 300 cities.

Culture, adventures, shopping malls, to coastal beauty; Abu Dhabi has a lot to offer that will leave anyone in awe. The city is filled with opulent architecture, making the skyline of Abu Dhabi a captivating view.

Abu Dhabi is now developing to be the region’s leading medical tourism destination. The government is working continuously to establish a world-class healthcare system. The city targets patients from other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries, Russia, China, and other parts of the world. Attracting top-quality doctors and a range of specialist services, Abu Dhabi focuses its procedures on cardiology, oncology, and executive screenings. A total of 16 public and private hospitals in Abu Dhabi offer a wide range of medical treatment with quality care. Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ahalia Hospital Musafahl, and Burjeel Hospital are among the highest-regarded medical facilities in the city. The city attracts many medical tourists for the following reasons.

• Medical facilities with the highest standards and international accreditations.
• Treatment using cutting-edge technology.
• Medical interpreters who speak a range of languages.
• The best hospitality, at the hospital, and throughout the city.

Popular Areas in Abu Dhabi

With a beautiful mixture of ultramodern architecture and Islamic traditions, Abu Dhabi is packed with amazing attractions and exhilarating adventure.

• Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is the United Arab Emirates’ largest place of worship that attracts millions of tourists each year. The mosque is an architectural wonder, mesmerizing even to the little details. Tourists can choose to get a free one-hour guided tour to get the best insight into the religion and culture that surrounds the mosque.
• Louvre Abu Dhabi is an art and civilization museum that has been open since 2017. The museum is showcasing artworks from around the world. Apart from the artwork, the architecture of the museum is also breathtaking with a web-patterned dome that allows sunshine to filter through.
• Al-Ain Oasis is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The oasis has only been open to the public recently. It is full of palms and mango trees. Al-Ain Oasis is home to a 3000-year-old falaj irrigation system, the oasis provides an insight into the history of Abu Dhabi inhabitants.
• Ferrari World is the perfect place for tourists who want to celebrate all things, Ferrari. People come to this indoor theme park to experience Formula Rossa, the world’s fastest roller coaster.
• Abu Dhabi Corniche is a beautiful clean beach with great views of turquoise waters and Abu Dhabi skyline that will not disappoint. Tourists can enjoy a day under the sun lounging on the beach, walk along Corniche Road, or admire the sunset.

Weather and Climate in Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi has a subtropical climate. The city enjoys sunny skies and hot temperatures throughout the year. Summer starts from May to September and the average temperature ranges between 38–42°C. During the hottest days, the temperature can get as high as 48°C. Winter starts from December to February, the average temperature is around 13-29°C. Rain mainly falls in winter.

The best time to visit Abu Dhabi is from November to April when the temperature is cooler and more pleasant.

Despite the heat in the summer, it is advised to always wear modest clothing as the locals do not welcome revealing or tight clothing. Lightweight and comfortable clothing are suitable most of the year.

Getting Around in Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi International Airport serves more than 30 airlines that connect the city to more than 60 countries in the world. Etihad Airways dominates the airport terminal spaces. Abu Dhabi International Airport mainly serves major airlines, although budget airlines such as Airblue Limited and IndiGo also operate flights.

Tourists can choose the airport taxis, buses, or hire a car to get to their destinations from the airport. Airport taxis cost around 75AED to 85AED for a trip to the city center. If you want to take the airport bus, purchase a Hafilat card from the vending machine at the airport terminal bus stop.

There are many ways to get around Abu Dhabi. Taxis are relatively cheap and metered; tourists can flag down the taxis or order through a call center. Abu Dhabi also has a city bus that operates on 14 routes between 6.00 am to 11.00 pm, most fares are 2AED. Hiring a car can be a good way of getting to many destinations as it offers more flexibility. If you’re in Corniche or Yas Island, hiring a bike is the best choice to explore these Islands.

The ever-changing street names and numbering system can be confusing, so it is advisable to describe the landmark you are looking for.

Tourist Visas in Abu Dhabi

Citizens of 60 countries can get a free entry visa (30 or 90 days depending on the country) upon arrival. Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) citizens do not require a visa to enter Abu Dhabi. Citizens of other countries need to apply for a visa before entering Abu Dhabi through the nearest UAE embassy.

Tourists flying with Etihad Airways to Abu Dhabi International Airport can request a visa arrangement. All visitors are required to hold a passport valid for at least 6 months.

Additional Information

1. Local Currency: The local currency is the United Arab Emirates dirham or Emirati Dirham (AED). 1 USD gets you around 3.7 AED. The notes are written in Arabic letters.
2. Money & Payments: ATMs and currency exchanges are available across the city. Hotels, restaurants, and shops accept credit cards, debit cards, and cash. Tipping is common, but not expected. Tipping a hotel and restaurant staff is at your discretion. Many high-end restaurants may add a service charge of around 10% and a tourism levy of around 6%.
3. Local Language: Arabic is the official language, but English is widely spoken especially in the city center. Road and shop signs are written in Arabic and English.
4. Local Culture and Religion: The culture in Abu Dhabi is deeply rooted in Arabia’s Islamic Tradition. Islam is the official religion but people can freely practice their religion as long as they don’t interfere with Islam.
5. Public Holidays: Ramadhan is hugely celebrated with the biggest festivals and the city is beautifully decorated. It is important to remember that during Ramadan, drinking, eating, and smoking at fasting hours (daylight) is illegal. Nightclubs are closed for the whole month. Other public holidays are the Islamic New Year, the Prophet’s Birthday, the King’s Coronation Day, Diwali, and Chinese New Year.