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Skin cancer, like other forms of cancer, may require surgery to remove the cancerous growth. For cancers that have not spread, surgery may be the only type of treatment needed. Skin cancers that are more aggressive, such as melanoma, often need more extensive surgeries. If your doctor found that nearby lymph nodes are inflamed, and the cancer cells are suspected to have spread, your doctor usually will need to remove the lymph nodes.
Different surgical techniques can be used to treat skin cancer, depending on the type of skin cancer, where it is on the body, how large the cancer is, and how deep the cancer is. The following are the types of skin cancer surgery.
Mohs Surgery
Mohs surgery is performed to treat the most common skin cancers, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma, as well as some kinds of melanoma and other unusual skin cancers. This surgery is designed to remove as much of the skin cancer as possible while ensuring the surrounding healthy tissue is preserved. During Mohs surgery, your surgeon removes the cancerous cells from the skin layer by layer, until only cancer-free tissue remains. It is usually used in highly visible areas, such as the face, head, or neck, in order to limit scarring. It can also be used to treat recurrent skin cancers. Mohs surgery is performed under local anesthetic, meaning only the affected area is numbed but you will remain awake during the surgery.
Excisional surgery
Excisional surgery is appropriate for any type of skin cancer. The surgeon performs an excision with a sharp razor or scalpel, shaving or cutting a growth off the skin. There are several types of excision that may be performed:
A simple excision uses a scalpel to remove the skin growth, as well as a small part of the surrounding tissue.
A wide excision involves shaving or peeling a growth off the surface of the skin using a sharp razor-like tool
Wide excision is usually used for Merkel cell carcinomas and melanoma. This type of excisional surgery removes the skin tumor as well as a wider surrounding healthy tissue. It may also extend more deeply into the skin.
Excisional surgery is done under local anesthetic.
Curettage and electrodessication
This procedure involves removing a skin lesion with a curette, which is a long, thin surgical tool with a tiny circular blade on its end for scraping. Once the lesion is scraped, the affected area is then treated through electrodesiccation, which uses an electric needle designed to reduce bleeding and kill any cancer cells that remain on the skin. The process may be carried out several times and is performed under local anesthesia.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery, also called cryotherapy, is a technique to freeze and destroy cancer cells using liquid nitrogen. The technique may be repeated several times and is only used for pre-cancerous lesions and small skin cancers.
Laser surgery
During laser surgery, an intense beam of light is used to destroy cancer cells. This type of surgery is only used to treat very superficial skin cancers.
Lymph node biopsy and removal
A lymph node biopsy is often performed on patients with melanoma. During this procedure, the doctor will remove one or more sentinel lymph nodes. If no sign of cancer is found in the lymph node, no additional lymph node surgery is required. However, if melanoma cells is found in one or more sentinel lymph nodes, it may be necessary to remove the remaining lymph nodes in the area.
Surgery for metastatic skin cancer
Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, which are the most common types of skin cancers, normally do not metastasize. However, melanoma may travel to the bones, brain, lungs, and liver. When this happens, surgery may be needed to remove tumors from those locations. This surgery may be combined with other treatments, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Reconstructive surgery
Skin cancer surgery may cause disfigurement or scarring, particularly when extensive surgery is required to remove cancer, or when the surgery is carried in highly visible areas, such as the hands, neck, face, or head.
Most skin cancer surgeries are performed as an outpatient procedure, meaning you can leave the hospital on the same day. For more extensive surgeries, you may need to stay for several days. It is recommended that you stay in Higashicho for at least 7 to 14 days for follow up checkups and initial recovery.
Recovery time of skin cancer surgery depends on the type of surgery you have. In general, it is wise to take it easy for several days. Your doctor will give you a detailed recovery timeline, which includes when you can go back to work and resume your normal activities.
You will be given instructions following your surgery. It is important that you follow the instruction carefully. Try to avoid movements that may stress your wound and sutures, and make sure to keep the incision sites clean and well protected from potential injury. In most cases, you will have to attend a follow-up checkup to ensure cancer has not come back. However, you can choose to have this follow-up checkup with your local doctor.
Skin cancer surgery is generally safe and effective. Mohs surgery has one of the highest cure rates at up to 99%. Still, the surgery carries some potential side effects, including pain, swelling, bruising, bleeding, infection, scarring, disfigurement, fatigue, and lymphedema.
The alternative to surgery depends on the size, location, depth, and type of skin cancer. Small skin cancers limited to the surface of your skin may not need any treatment besides an initial skin biopsy. Other types of treatments include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and biological therapy. However, in some cases, these treatments are done in conjunction with surgery.
Before skin cancer surgery, you may have a cancerous growth in your skin that causes uncomfortable and painful symptoms. In some cases, growth can be dangerous and life-threatening. After skin cancer surgery, cancer should be removed and you may be cured of cancer, allowing you to live your normal life again and improving your quality of life.
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers
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Higashicho is an area in Koganei, a city located in the western part of Tokyo, Japan. Due to its ease of access to Tokyo and more affordable prices, Higashicho is frequented by tourists who wish to stay in a quiet and affordable accommodation than the ones in the center of Tokyo. Today, the area is also frequented by medical tourists looking for high-quality treatments in Japan. The clinics and hospitals in this area are known to have top quality services, reasonably priced treatments, state-of-the-art medical technology, as well as well-trained and licensed medical professionals.
The most popular attraction near Higashicho is Koganei Park, which is a huge park with many different attractions. The park has free outdoor basketball courts, baseball fields, and tennis courts. It also has large open areas, perfect for those who want to go picnic or throw Frisbees. You can also find barbeque pits for rent. The park is also a good spot for plum blossom viewing in February and cherry blossom viewing in March. In fact, it is listed in the top 100 cherry blossom spots in Japan.
The park is also home to Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum, a museum of historic Japanese buildings. This museum is a branch of the Edo-Tokyo Museum in Ryōgoku, Tokyo. The museum includes numerous buildings, from the middle-class ordinary Japanese houses to the homes of the powerful and wealthy, such as the residence of Takahashi Korekiyo, Japan’s former prime minister. In this museum, visitors can enter and explore various traditional Japanese buildings of different periods, styles, and purposes.
Since there is no international airport in Higashicho and Koganei, most international tourists arrive at the Narita International Airport. This airport serves domestic and international flights to numerous cities around the world.
Holders of passports issued by 66 countries, including all EU countries, Australia, the US, and the UAE, can visit and stay in Japan without a visa for up to 90 days. Most other countries not listed in the visa-free policy need to obtain a visa prior to arrival. Budget airlines, including Jetstar Japan, operates flights from this airport. Medical tourists can arrive in Koganei by train by taking the JR Chuo Line from Shinjuku west from thirty minutes, then take a taxi or bus to Higashicho.
Higashicho has four seasons. The summer (June to August) is hot and humid, with a lot of rainfall. Autumn (September to November) has mild weather with less humidity. November is the peak typhoon season. Winter (December to February) is dry, sunny, and cold, but the temperature rarely drops below 0°C. Spring (March to May) has pleasant weather and clear skies.