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There are several types of treatments available for thyroid cancer. The type of treatment you will undergo depends on the type and stage of thyroid cancer, your preference, and your general health. Quite often, more than one type of treatment is required. The most common types of treatments are surgery, hormone therapy, radioactive iodine, external radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy, and palliative care.
Surgery
For most types of thyroid cancer, surgery is the first treatment. There are several surgical options to treat thyroid cancer. The surgery your doctor may suggest depends on the type of thyroid cancer you have, whether cancer has spread, and the size of cancer. Common surgical options include:
Thyroidectomy – this operation may involve removing the entire thyroid gland (total thyroidectomy) or most of the thyroid gland (near-total or subtotal thyroidectomy).
Thyroid lobectomy – during a thyroid lobectomy, your thyroid glands lobe with the cancerous nodule is removed.
Lymph node dissection – when your surgeon removes your thyroid, nearby lymph nodes in the neck may also be removed.
All types of surgery are performed under general anesthesia.
Hormone therapy
After surgery, thyroid hormone therapy may be necessary to replace the hormone your thyroid would normally produce. In addition, hormone therapy may slow down the growth of any remaining cancer cells. It works by suppressing your pituitary gland from producing thyroid-stimulating hormone.
Hormone therapy typically involves taking a pill daily, at the same time every day, so that your body receives a consistent supply.
Radioactive iodine
Radioactive treatment is usually used after thyroidectomy. This type of treatment is used to kill any healthy thyroid tissue that may remain, along with some areas of thyroid cancer that were not removed during surgery. It is also used to treat thyroid cancer that has spread to other areas of the body or recurs after treatment. Radioactive iodine is given in either pill or liquid form.
External radiation therapy
This is another type of radiation therapy that uses a machine that aims high-energy beams, such as protons and X-rays, at precise points on your body. It is usually suggested if surgery is not an option or if your cancer still grows even after radioactive iodine treatment or if there is a risk that your cancer will recur.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses chemicals to destroy cancer cells. It is typically given intravenously (infusion through a vein). The chemicals can travel all around your body and killing quickly growing cancer cells. This procedure is not common for thyroid cancer. However, it is sometimes recommended for those with anaplastic thyroid cancer.
Targeted drug therapy
This type of treatment focuses on specific abnormalities present within the cancer cells. It can kill cancer cells by blocking these abnormalities. For thyroid cancer, this therapy targets the signals telling cancer cells to grow and divide.
Palliative care
This is specialized medical care that focuses on providing relief from the symptoms that thyroid cancer may bring. It can be used while you undergo other treatments, such as surgery or radiation therapy.
After any surgical procedure, you may need to stay in the hospital for 3 to 5 days and stay in Cambodia for about 7 to 14 days. For hormone therapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy, your length of stay depends on how many therapy cycles are required for your case. Your medical team/medical travel team will be able to advise you on this matter.
After surgery, you will need to rest for several weeks after surgery. Most people are able to return to work within 1 to 2 weeks after surgery. For any type of therapy, you may need to rest for a few days until you can resume your normal activities.
Your medical team will give you special instructions to care for yourself at home after each type of treatment. The instructions may include a special diet, exercises, medications to take, restrictions, and wound care (for surgical procedures).
You may also need to attend regular checkups to ensure that cancer has not come back.
Treatment for thyroid cancer is safe and effective. In many cases, it can cure thyroid cancer completely. However, cancer may still come back even after treatment.
All types of thyroid cancer treatment carry some potential risks and side effects, including infection, bleeding, and damage to the parathyroid glands, nausea, neck pain, and swelling.
Taking part in a clinical trial of newer treatments can be an alternative to the thyroid cancer treatments mentioned above. A clinical trial is a study used to develop new treatments for cancer.
Before surgery, your thyroid cancer may cause painful symptoms. It has a high risk of spreading to other areas of your body and may be life-threatening. Having thyroid cancer can decrease your quality of life. After successful treatment, your thyroid cancer may be cured completely.
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers
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Perched in the heart of Southeast Asia, nestled between Thailand and Vietnam, lies Cambodia — a dynamic blend of ancient and contemporary worlds that makes for an intriguing adventure. Dominating its list of attractions is the globally-renowned Angkor Wat, embroidered by lush jungles.
It is the soul of Cambodia — its vibrant culture, warm inhabitants, profound historical heritage, stunning coastlines, delightful cuisine, and spirited nightlife — that gives this nation its unique charm. Each element, individually fascinating and collectively harmonious, weaves a magical tapestry that is Cambodia.
Over recent years, Cambodia has strategically bolstered its healthcare infrastructure, aiming to appeal to a global patient community. In this endeavor, the country has witnessed several of its hospitals forging partnerships with institutions from close-by countries, with Thailand being a significant partner.
These strategic alliances have been key in establishing state-of-the-art healthcare facilities across Cambodia. These healthcare establishments strive to cater to a diverse array of medical needs, ensuring the delivery of world-class, professional care that meets, if not surpasses, internationally accepted standards.
Cambodia is relentlessly driving efforts to enhance its healthcare sector, with one main goal - to give patients access to top-notch medical care at costs significantly lower than those in other Southeast Asian nations, Singapore being a prime example.
This strategic approach is geared towards attracting patients from regions like Laos, Taiwan, and China. The essence of this approach is to establish Cambodia as a major healthcare destination that offers high-quality medical services, all within a budget-friendly framework that doesn’t strain patients' finances.
Phnom Penh is the capital of Cambodia, as well as the main medical tourism destination in the country. Once the ‘Pearl of Asia,’ this bustling city is now filled with bustling bars, historical architecture, vibrant café culture, a world-class food scene, and a glimmering Royal Palace.
Tourists venturing into Cambodia are invited to traverse the myriad attractions this enchanting nation has to offer. A must-visit is the National Museum of Cambodia which houses the country's extensive cultural history and art. For those who seek a deeper insight into Cambodia's past, the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum provides a poignant yet important glimpse into the darker chapters of its history. In addition, the Royal Palace stands as a testament to Cambodia's architectural grandeur, drawing admiration from visitors across the globe. Another gem to explore in Phnom Penh is the Silver Pagoda, a unique blend of tranquility and exquisite craftsmanship, making for an unforgettable experience.
Moving beyond the capital city of Phnom Penh, Siem Reap emerges as another popular destination in the Cambodian travel circuit. This city, bustling with energy and soaked in history, captures the diverse ethos of Cambodia in its vibrant art, architecture, and local life. Inclusion of Siem Reap in any Cambodian itinerary lends an additional layer of cultural depth, making the exploration of this intriguing nation an even more enticing proposition. As such, whether it's diving into the past or experiencing the dynamic present, Cambodia offers a varied palette of experiences to delve into.
It’s where the fascinating, UNESCO-listed Angkor Wat is located. Aside from Angkor Wat, Siem Reap also offers other attractions, such as the Angkor Silk Farm, Wat Bo, War Museum, and Senteurs d’Angkor Botanic Garden. Those who want to relax on a beach should visit Sihanoukville. It was once a quiet beach town, but now it has become a modern up-and-coming holiday destination.
Phnom Penh International Airport stands as the largest and most bustling airport in Cambodia. Acting as a critical transportation nexus, it facilitates both domestic and international air travel. The airport offers numerous flight connections to various cities across Asia, making it a convenient choice for international tourists. Besides being a gateway into Cambodia, it also serves as a starting point for internal travel.
For tourists looking to cover various parts within the country swiftly, opting for domestic flights is a time-efficient choice. These flights are well-linked, providing easy access to different parts of this captivating country. Despite being the fastest mode of travel, they maintain reasonable fares, ensuring that the journey is equally enjoyable as the destination.
As one navigates within the cities, there is a disparity between the modes of transportation used for intra-city and inter-city travel. While trains and buses are the preferred options for traveling between different cities due to their affordability, city-based transportation adopts a different palette altogether. For daily city commutes and quick visits to local sights, taxis, tuk-tuks, and motorbikes are the most viable options. They're not only readily available but also allow for an intimate view of Cambodian city life. This dynamic and efficient transportation network significantly enhances the convenience of exploring Cambodia's stunning expanse.
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Cambodia is blessed with a warm climate throughout the year, making it a destination for all seasons with temperatures seldom falling below 20°C. Cambodian weather is generally categorized into two primary seasons: wet and dry. The wet season, spanning from May to October, is marked by episodic showers during daytime hours, adding to the country's tropical charm.
The dry season, commencing from November and extending up to April, is typified by agreeable and sunny weather conditions, making it an ideal time for travel and exploration. However, it is worth noting that during the peak of the dry season, specifically in March, temperatures can climb up to a sweltering 35°C. Despite the somewhat extreme conditions, the resplendent beauty of the country remains undeterred, with Cambodia promising a riveting experience regardless of the season.