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There are several types of treatments available for thyroid cancer. The type of treatment you will undergo depends on the type and stage of thyroid cancer, your preference, and your general health. Quite often, more than one type of treatment is required. The most common types of treatments are surgery, hormone therapy, radioactive iodine, external radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy, and palliative care.
Surgery
For most types of thyroid cancer, surgery is the first treatment. There are several surgical options to treat thyroid cancer. The surgery your doctor may suggest depends on the type of thyroid cancer you have, whether cancer has spread, and the size of cancer. Common surgical options include:
Thyroidectomy – this operation may involve removing the entire thyroid gland (total thyroidectomy) or most of the thyroid gland (near-total or subtotal thyroidectomy).
Thyroid lobectomy – during a thyroid lobectomy, your thyroid glands lobe with the cancerous nodule is removed.
Lymph node dissection – when your surgeon removes your thyroid, nearby lymph nodes in the neck may also be removed.
All types of surgery are performed under general anesthesia.
Hormone therapy
After surgery, thyroid hormone therapy may be necessary to replace the hormone your thyroid would normally produce. In addition, hormone therapy may slow down the growth of any remaining cancer cells. It works by suppressing your pituitary gland from producing thyroid-stimulating hormone.
Hormone therapy typically involves taking a pill daily, at the same time every day, so that your body receives a consistent supply.
Radioactive iodine
Radioactive treatment is usually used after thyroidectomy. This type of treatment is used to kill any healthy thyroid tissue that may remain, along with some areas of thyroid cancer that were not removed during surgery. It is also used to treat thyroid cancer that has spread to other areas of the body or recurs after treatment. Radioactive iodine is given in either pill or liquid form.
External radiation therapy
This is another type of radiation therapy that uses a machine that aims high-energy beams, such as protons and X-rays, at precise points on your body. It is usually suggested if surgery is not an option or if your cancer still grows even after radioactive iodine treatment or if there is a risk that your cancer will recur.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses chemicals to destroy cancer cells. It is typically given intravenously (infusion through a vein). The chemicals can travel all around your body and killing quickly growing cancer cells. This procedure is not common for thyroid cancer. However, it is sometimes recommended for those with anaplastic thyroid cancer.
Targeted drug therapy
This type of treatment focuses on specific abnormalities present within the cancer cells. It can kill cancer cells by blocking these abnormalities. For thyroid cancer, this therapy targets the signals telling cancer cells to grow and divide.
Palliative care
This is specialized medical care that focuses on providing relief from the symptoms that thyroid cancer may bring. It can be used while you undergo other treatments, such as surgery or radiation therapy.
After any surgical procedure, you may need to stay in the hospital for 3 to 5 days and stay in Morocco for about 7 to 14 days. For hormone therapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy, your length of stay depends on how many therapy cycles are required for your case. Your medical team/medical travel team will be able to advise you on this matter.
After surgery, you will need to rest for several weeks after surgery. Most people are able to return to work within 1 to 2 weeks after surgery. For any type of therapy, you may need to rest for a few days until you can resume your normal activities.
Your medical team will give you special instructions to care for yourself at home after each type of treatment. The instructions may include a special diet, exercises, medications to take, restrictions, and wound care (for surgical procedures).
You may also need to attend regular checkups to ensure that cancer has not come back.
Treatment for thyroid cancer is safe and effective. In many cases, it can cure thyroid cancer completely. However, cancer may still come back even after treatment.
All types of thyroid cancer treatment carry some potential risks and side effects, including infection, bleeding, and damage to the parathyroid glands, nausea, neck pain, and swelling.
Taking part in a clinical trial of newer treatments can be an alternative to the thyroid cancer treatments mentioned above. A clinical trial is a study used to develop new treatments for cancer.
Before surgery, your thyroid cancer may cause painful symptoms. It has a high risk of spreading to other areas of your body and may be life-threatening. Having thyroid cancer can decrease your quality of life. After successful treatment, your thyroid cancer may be cured completely.
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers
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Morocco is a popular destination, attracting culture lovers, backpackers, adventure travelers, couples, families, foodies, and more to its four imperial cities: Marrakesh, Fes, Meknes, and Rabat. Rabat is the current capital city. Although a modern city at first glance, it has several interesting historical attractions, such as the Kasbah of the Oudaias, the old medina, and the Hassan Tower. The gleaming Royal Mausoleum is also well worth a visit. Known as the Red City, Marrakesh is famous for its old medina, numerous souks, ancient palaces like Badi Palace and Bahia Palace, the striking Koutoubia Mosque, the energetic Djemaa el-Fna, and the Saadian Tombs. The former capital of Fes boasts plenty of stunning architecture, though it is perhaps most known for its large tanneries and for being home to one of the oldest universities in the world. Meknes has one of the most impressive monumental gates in all of Morocco, Bab el-Mansour. Horse-drawn carriages are a great way to explore the charming and relaxed imperial city. Morocco has beaches along both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Popular holiday spots with foreign visitors include Tangier and Agadir, while Asilah attracts mainly locals and Spanish visitors. The vast Sahara Desert is the world’s largest hot desert. There are several places in Morocco from where you can begin expeditions into the desert, and there are plenty of experienced operators offering trips to remember.
The country welcomes an ever-increasing number of medical tourists each year, many of which travel for Thyroid Cancer Treatment procedures. Medical Tourists travel from all across the globe, particularly from neighboring African countries with an inferior healthcare system. Casablanca and Marrakesh are the popular cities and they mostly cater to dentistry and plastic surgery requirements
Morocco, with a population of over 35 million people, is known to be magical and chaotic. The country is very diverse, from Saharan Dunes, High Atlas, ancient medinas, friendly locals to traditional life; Morocco has everything for every tourist.
Morocco’s climate is generally moderate and subtropical with cool breezes from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Temperature varies greatly depending on region and altitude. Summer lasts from June to August and is often really hot. Winter comes in November and ends in January. It is the wettest and coldest season in the country. The best time to visit is in Spring and Autumn where the weather is warm and pleasant.
The coastal regions have nice weather throughout the year, the Winter has mild temperature and although the temperature will rise in the Summer, it’s not too hot. The High Atlas Mountains can be visited all year round but the winter can get really cold. There will be snow on the peaks during Winter. The summer can be a little too hot for any long-distance hike.
Morocco’s main gateway is Casablanca's Mohammed V International Airport. The airport is located in Nouaceur Province and is the busiest airport in the country. It is the hub for Air Arabia Maroc, Royal Air Maroc. It serves domestic and international flights to and from many cities in the Middle East, Europe, and America. Major and budget airlines operate flights from this airport. Other important airports include Menara airport in Marrakesh, Fes–Saïss in Fez, Ibn Batouta International in Tangier.
There are several options for tourists to travel to downtown Casablanca. Buses are affordable, a single ticket costs 20.00 MAD. It will take around 45 minutes to get to the city center. There’s also a bus line that will take tourists to Rabat.
Casablanca Airport has an underground train station that connects to Mers Sultan, Casa Port, Casa-Voyageurs or L’Oasis. The total trip time to downtown Casablanca is 45 minutes. The trains operate from 06.00 am to 10.00 pm.
Taxis are the most convenient mean of transportation, but they’re also more expensive than trains and buses. The base fare is around 250.00 MAD to 300.00 MAD (25 to 30 USD). Always avoid non-authorized taxis because they are known to overcharge. Refuse to board a taxi with broken or turned off meters. Remember that Casablanca official taxis are painted in white.
The most efficient and affordable way to get around Morocco is by the intercity buses. The most popular operators are Supratours, CTM, SATAS, and Ghazala. A ride from Marrakesh to Casablanca is around 4 hours and should cost 90 MAD (9 USD).
Morocco’s national rail network is operated by ONCF and connects major cities like Marrakesh, Casablanca, Fez, and Rabat. The trains are usually on-time and comfortable. First-class tickets cost about 45 MAD (5 USD) per hour and the second class tickets cost around 30 MAD (3 USD).
Citizens of Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States, the European Union, Britain, Japan, and South Africa do not need a visa to enter the country. Citizens of 66 countries can enter and stay in Morocco for up to 90 days. Citizens of the Republic of the Congo, Guinea, and Mali do not require a visa but must obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization in advance.
It is recommended to check the current regulations with the Moroccan Embassy or Consulate in your country. All visitors must hold a passport valid for over 6 months at the entry date.