Urology in New York City

Urology is a branch of medicine that deals with the diseases of the female and male urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra). This branch of medicine also deals with male reproductive organs (testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis).

Urology has a number of sub-disciplines, including:

• Endourology – this sub-discipline of urology deals with the closed manipulation of the urinary tract. It includes all minimally invasive urologic surgical procedures, such as prostate surgery and stone removal surgery.
• Urologic oncology – this focuses on the treatment of malignant genitourinary diseases, such as cancer of the bladder, prostate, kidney, ureters, adrenal glands, testicles, or penis.
• Neurourology – this deals with the treatment of conditions involving the nervous control of the genitourinary system or abnormal urination.
• Pediatric urology – this focuses on urologic disorders in children, such as congenital abnormalities of the genitourinary tract, cryptorchidism (undescended testes), underdeveloped genitalia, enuresis, and vesicoureteral reflux.
• Andrology – this deals with disorders of the male reproductive system, such as ejaculatory disorders, erectile dysfunction, vasectomy reversal, and infertility.
• Reconstructive urology – this is a highly specialized field of male urology that deals with the reconstruction of both the structure and function of the genitourinary tract.
• Female urology – this deals with conditions of a woman’s reproductive and urinary tract, such as pelvic organ prolapse, overactive bladder, and urinary incontinence.

Medical professionals specializing in the field of urology are called urologists. Urologists can diagnose and treat diseases of the urinary tract in both women and men, as well as diagnosing and treating any problems in men’s reproductive tract. In some cases, urologists may also perform surgery. In the case of certain conditions, urologists may need to work in conjunction with medical professionals who specializes in other fields, such as oncologist, radiotherapists, nephrologist, and gynecologist.

Urologists can treat the following conditions:

In men:

• Prostate gland enlargement
• Cancers of the penis, bladder, testicles, kidneys, and adrenal and prostate glands
• Erectile dysfunction
• Infertility
• Kidney diseases
• Kidney stones
• Interstitial cystitis, also known as painful bladder syndrome
• Prostatitis
• Varicoceles, or enlarged veins in the scrotum
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

In women:

• Cancer of the kidneys, bladder, and adrenal glands
• Bladder prolapse, or a condition in which the bladder drops into the vagina
• Kidney stones
• Interstitial cystitis
• Overactive bladder
• Urinary incontinence
• UTIs

In children:

• Blockages and other problems with the urinary tract structure
• Bed-wetting
• Undescended testicles

What does Urology Involve?

During your first appointment, your urologist may ask you questions about your health history, any medicines you take, and your current symptoms. Your urologist may do a physical exam that includes a rectal and genital exam. They may also do some tests, such as:

• Imaging tests, such as MRI scans, CT scans, or ultrasound to help them locate the problem.
• A urine test to check for bacteria or other signs of disease.
• A cystoscope (a long, thin tube with a camera on its end) to see inside the urinary tract and take a sample of tissue for testing.
• A biopsy to check for cancer and other disorders.
• Urodynamic testing to check how fast the urine leaves your body, how much pressure there is in your bladder, and how much urine remains in your bladder after urinating.

After your urologist makes a diagnosis, the treatment will depend on your specific condition. It may include the use of medications and surgery.

Types of medication include:

• Hormone treatment for prostate cancer
• Antibiotics for infections
• Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors for erectile dysfunction
• Chemotherapy drugs for cancer
• Drugs that act on the smooth muscle of the bladder to help reduce urinary incontinence.

Some of the most common types of surgery include:

• A cystectomy, which is a procedure to remove the bladder. This procedure is used to treat cancer.
• A kidney transplant, which involves replacing a damaged or diseased kidney with a healthy one.
• Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy, which is used to break up kidney stones so they can be removed more easily.
• A repair of damage to the urinary tract due to injury.
• A procedure to open a blockage.
• A repair of urinary organs that are not well-formed.
• A prostatectomy, which is used to remove all or part of the prostate gland. This procedure is performed to treat prostate cancer.
• Transurethral needle ablation of the prostate, which removes excess tissue from an enlarged prostate.
• Transurethral resection of the prostate, which involves the removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate.
• A sling procedure, which uses strips of mesh in order to support the urethra and keep it closed. This procedure can treat urinary incontinence.
• A ureteroscopy, which involves the removal of stones in the kidneys and ureter using a scope.
• A vasectomy, which is a procedure to cut and tie the vas deferens, or the tubes that carry sperm. This is done to prevent pregnancy.
• A nephrectomy, which involves removing a kidney to treat cancer.

The surgery can be performed in one of two ways: open through a large incision, laparoscopically through several tiny incisions. Both methods are usually performed under general anesthesia. In some cases, local anesthetic may be used instead.

How Long Should I Stay in New York City?

Depending on the procedure you will have, you may be able to leave the hospital on the same day or you will have to stay for up to 5 days. In general, it is highly advisable that you stay in New York City for several days following your procedure for initial recovery and to attend scheduled follow-up checkups. For surgical procedures, you may need to stay in the country for at least 10 to 14 days.

What's the Recovery Time?

The recovery time varies, depending on the procedure you have, the reason why you need the procedure, and your overall health. For surgical procedures, it may take about one to six weeks until you can go back to your full activity. For non-surgical procedures, you may be allowed to go back to your normal routine within several days. Your urologist will give you a detailed recovery timeline, which includes the time you can go back to work, normal activity, and strenuous activities, such as exercise and heavy lifting.

What About Aftercare?

Your urologist will give you a set of instructions for your aftercare. The instruction may include a diet plan, exercise, restrictions, and medication to take, and wound care. It is important that you follow every instruction closely. After surgery, you will be encouraged to do some light exercise, such as walking, to help your healing process. You may also need to eat easily digestible food until you are recovered.

Depending on your specific condition, you may need to attend regular checkups following your treatment. For instance, if you had cancer treatment, your doctor will suggest you attend a checkup once or twice a year to ensure that cancer has not come back.

What's the Success Rate?

The field of urology is at the forefront of research and innovation. Due to its constant advancement, the procedures are becoming more effective and safer. Each urological treatment is also known to offer high success rates. However, any procedure comes with risks, such as infection, bleeding, and damage to nearby organs. Therefore, it is important that you choose a skilled and experienced urologist.

Are there Alternatives to Urology?

If you have any injury or disease in your urinary tract and/or reproductive organ (for men), there is no other alternative besides visiting a urology department. However, if your disease is found to be caused by other problems, the doctor will refer you to a relevant doctor.

Urology in and around New York City

About New York

New York City, or simply New York (NY), is the most populous city in the United States with an estimated population of over 8 million. The city is labeled as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world. It is an important center of international diplomacy since it houses the headquarters of the United Nations. The city has been attracting tourists from all around the globe for its architectural beauty, dining spots, and arts. Fueled by its global popularity and superior healthcare, the city also welcomes patients from many other countries to undergo cosmetic surgeries and complex or rare procedures that are not available in the patient’s home country. The medical professionals are highly qualified, skilled, and experienced. The medical costs might not be the cheapest, but patients will get the best treatment in the world.

Popular Areas in New York

New York offers its visitors a myriad of attractions to see and things to do. Tourists can find world-famous sites in almost every corner. The following are the most popular places in the city.

• Statue of Liberty is a symbol of freedom and democracy. It was a gift from the French people to the people of the United States as a monument of international friendship during the American Revolution. This famous statue was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, and the metal framework was built by Gustave Eiffel. Tourists can access the pedestal and the crown. Although the climb to the top is strenuous, the view from Lady Liberty’s crown is breathtaking, making it one of the most rewarding experiences of your trip to NYC. To get to the statue, you need to take a ferry from Battery Park City or New Jersey. There is only one official ferry company that is allowed to take you to the islands, Statue Cruises.
• Staten Island Ferry offers a stunning landscape of New York City and the Statue of Liberty. The ferry runs frequently and is free. Tourists can enjoy the refreshing breeze while admiring Governors Island, the Brooklyn Bridge, lower Manhattan and Wall Street’s skyscrapers, Ellis Island, the Statue of Liberty, and the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.
• Empire State Building is perhaps the most iconic symbol of New York City. This magnificent landmark should not be missed by any visitors. The building was opened during the Great Depression in 1931 and tourists can see its Art Deco style in the architecture. The view from its 86th and 102nd floors is spectacular, especially around sunset time. 
• Central Park is 843 acres of open space and is a good place to escape from the concrete jungle of New York City. The park was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, and it was the first major landscaped public park in the United States. Tourists can wander around the park, enjoy a picnic, visit a memorial to John Lennon, or interact with animals in the Zoo.

Weather and Climate in New York

New York City has four seasons, each with its own perks, which makes the city a year-round destination.

• Spring starts in March and ends in April. The city enjoys a pleasant temperature during this season. It is one of the most beautiful times to visit since the city is filled with Cherry Blossoms and hosts a number of festivals. However, expect to experience seasonal storms.
• Summer is from June to August. The temperatures are mostly warm, with an average between 25 °C to 30 °C. The city is usually crowded and busy during this season, but tourists can enjoy several free summer concerts. 
• Autumn is a great time to visit New York City, which lasts from September to November. The summer heat will be replaced with a cooler temperature, and the city is overflowing with red and orange leaves. 
• Winter in the city can be freezing and sometimes snowy. The season starts in December and ends in February. The temperatures can drop as low as -25 °C. If you plan to visit during winter, make sure to dress properly.

Getting Around in New York

The primary international airport in New York City is the John F. Kennedy International Airport. More than ninety airlines operate from this airport, including several budget airlines such as JetBlue. Getting around the city is fairly easy and inexpensive, especially by public transportation. The city has 27 subway lines stopping at 472 stations and more than 5,000 buses. To ride the subway, you will need to purchase a MetroCard that cost $1. The fares are $2.75 per trip and you can buy a one week unlimited MetroCard for $33 or an unlimited monthly MetroCard for $127.

The bus will take you to many places including the east or west portions of Manhattan. The bus fares are $2.75 per trip and the buses only accept MetroCard or exact fare in coins. If you do not want the hassle to figure out the public transportation system, the iconic yellow taxis are widely available. You can flag them down directly from the streets. The taxis are green in Brooklyn and Uber and Lyft are also available. 

Tourists Visas in New York

Citizens of Canada, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, and Bermuda are given visa exemption access. Holders of passports issued by 38 countries including Australia, Singapore, and the United Kingdom are selected for the Visa Waiver Program. Nationals from countries that are not listed in the visa exemption and visa waiver program need to apply for a visa. All visitors may stay for a maximum of 90 days. It is advisable to learn more about the visa policy at your nearest United States Embassy.  

Additional Information

1. Local Currency: US dollar ($) is the official currency. Please check XE.com for the current exchange rate to your local currency.
2. Money & Payments: ATMs can be found everywhere, and credit cards are accepted at most hotels, restaurants, and shops. Tipping is not optional. For restaurant servers and bartenders, 15% - 20% of the bill is acceptable.
3. Local Language: The main language in New York City is English. However, there are over 800 languages spoken in the city, such as Spanish and Chinese.
4. Local Culture and Religion: Christianity is the major religion in New York City, followed by Judaism, Islam, Buddha, and Hindu. 
5. Public Holidays: New York City celebrates various holidays, including New Year, Martin Luther King Jr Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.