Urology in Cancun

Urology is a branch of medicine that deals with the diseases of the female and male urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra). This branch of medicine also deals with male reproductive organs (testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis).

Urology has a number of sub-disciplines, including:

• Endourology – this sub-discipline of urology deals with the closed manipulation of the urinary tract. It includes all minimally invasive urologic surgical procedures, such as prostate surgery and stone removal surgery.
• Urologic oncology – this focuses on the treatment of malignant genitourinary diseases, such as cancer of the bladder, prostate, kidney, ureters, adrenal glands, testicles, or penis.
• Neurourology – this deals with the treatment of conditions involving the nervous control of the genitourinary system or abnormal urination.
• Pediatric urology – this focuses on urologic disorders in children, such as congenital abnormalities of the genitourinary tract, cryptorchidism (undescended testes), underdeveloped genitalia, enuresis, and vesicoureteral reflux.
• Andrology – this deals with disorders of the male reproductive system, such as ejaculatory disorders, erectile dysfunction, vasectomy reversal, and infertility.
• Reconstructive urology – this is a highly specialized field of male urology that deals with the reconstruction of both the structure and function of the genitourinary tract.
• Female urology – this deals with conditions of a woman’s reproductive and urinary tract, such as pelvic organ prolapse, overactive bladder, and urinary incontinence.

Medical professionals specializing in the field of urology are called urologists. Urologists can diagnose and treat diseases of the urinary tract in both women and men, as well as diagnosing and treating any problems in men’s reproductive tract. In some cases, urologists may also perform surgery. In the case of certain conditions, urologists may need to work in conjunction with medical professionals who specializes in other fields, such as oncologist, radiotherapists, nephrologist, and gynecologist.

Urologists can treat the following conditions:

In men:

• Prostate gland enlargement
• Cancers of the penis, bladder, testicles, kidneys, and adrenal and prostate glands
• Erectile dysfunction
• Infertility
• Kidney diseases
• Kidney stones
• Interstitial cystitis, also known as painful bladder syndrome
• Prostatitis
• Varicoceles, or enlarged veins in the scrotum
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

In women:

• Cancer of the kidneys, bladder, and adrenal glands
• Bladder prolapse, or a condition in which the bladder drops into the vagina
• Kidney stones
• Interstitial cystitis
• Overactive bladder
• Urinary incontinence
• UTIs

In children:

• Blockages and other problems with the urinary tract structure
• Bed-wetting
• Undescended testicles

What does Urology Involve?

During your first appointment, your urologist may ask you questions about your health history, any medicines you take, and your current symptoms. Your urologist may do a physical exam that includes a rectal and genital exam. They may also do some tests, such as:

• Imaging tests, such as MRI scans, CT scans, or ultrasound to help them locate the problem.
• A urine test to check for bacteria or other signs of disease.
• A cystoscope (a long, thin tube with a camera on its end) to see inside the urinary tract and take a sample of tissue for testing.
• A biopsy to check for cancer and other disorders.
• Urodynamic testing to check how fast the urine leaves your body, how much pressure there is in your bladder, and how much urine remains in your bladder after urinating.

After your urologist makes a diagnosis, the treatment will depend on your specific condition. It may include the use of medications and surgery.

Types of medication include:

• Hormone treatment for prostate cancer
• Antibiotics for infections
• Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors for erectile dysfunction
• Chemotherapy drugs for cancer
• Drugs that act on the smooth muscle of the bladder to help reduce urinary incontinence.

Some of the most common types of surgery include:

• A cystectomy, which is a procedure to remove the bladder. This procedure is used to treat cancer.
• A kidney transplant, which involves replacing a damaged or diseased kidney with a healthy one.
• Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy, which is used to break up kidney stones so they can be removed more easily.
• A repair of damage to the urinary tract due to injury.
• A procedure to open a blockage.
• A repair of urinary organs that are not well-formed.
• A prostatectomy, which is used to remove all or part of the prostate gland. This procedure is performed to treat prostate cancer.
• Transurethral needle ablation of the prostate, which removes excess tissue from an enlarged prostate.
• Transurethral resection of the prostate, which involves the removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate.
• A sling procedure, which uses strips of mesh in order to support the urethra and keep it closed. This procedure can treat urinary incontinence.
• A ureteroscopy, which involves the removal of stones in the kidneys and ureter using a scope.
• A vasectomy, which is a procedure to cut and tie the vas deferens, or the tubes that carry sperm. This is done to prevent pregnancy.
• A nephrectomy, which involves removing a kidney to treat cancer.

The surgery can be performed in one of two ways: open through a large incision, laparoscopically through several tiny incisions. Both methods are usually performed under general anesthesia. In some cases, local anesthetic may be used instead.

How Long Should I Stay in Cancun?

Depending on the procedure you will have, you may be able to leave the hospital on the same day or you will have to stay for up to 5 days. In general, it is highly advisable that you stay in Cancun for several days following your procedure for initial recovery and to attend scheduled follow-up checkups. For surgical procedures, you may need to stay in the country for at least 10 to 14 days.

What's the Recovery Time?

The recovery time varies, depending on the procedure you have, the reason why you need the procedure, and your overall health. For surgical procedures, it may take about one to six weeks until you can go back to your full activity. For non-surgical procedures, you may be allowed to go back to your normal routine within several days. Your urologist will give you a detailed recovery timeline, which includes the time you can go back to work, normal activity, and strenuous activities, such as exercise and heavy lifting.

What About Aftercare?

Your urologist will give you a set of instructions for your aftercare. The instruction may include a diet plan, exercise, restrictions, and medication to take, and wound care. It is important that you follow every instruction closely. After surgery, you will be encouraged to do some light exercise, such as walking, to help your healing process. You may also need to eat easily digestible food until you are recovered.

Depending on your specific condition, you may need to attend regular checkups following your treatment. For instance, if you had cancer treatment, your doctor will suggest you attend a checkup once or twice a year to ensure that cancer has not come back.

What's the Success Rate?

The field of urology is at the forefront of research and innovation. Due to its constant advancement, the procedures are becoming more effective and safer. Each urological treatment is also known to offer high success rates. However, any procedure comes with risks, such as infection, bleeding, and damage to nearby organs. Therefore, it is important that you choose a skilled and experienced urologist.

Are there Alternatives to Urology?

If you have any injury or disease in your urinary tract and/or reproductive organ (for men), there is no other alternative besides visiting a urology department. However, if your disease is found to be caused by other problems, the doctor will refer you to a relevant doctor.

Urology in and around Cancun

About Cancun

Occupying a coveted location on Mexico's Yucatan peninsula and bordered by the Caribbean Sea, Cancun stands as the country's top-tier coastal attraction. This city, best recognized for its sprawling 21 km stretch of pristine white sandy beaches, also presents exhilarating water-based recreational activities and a lively nocturnal scene.

Cancun is emerging as one of the most desirable destinations for medical tourism. It has world-class healthcare facilities and internationally accredited hospitals. The city hosts two of the five JCI accredited hospitals in Mexico. Furthermore, Multi-million dollar ‘Health City' project is underway and the aim of the project is to establish the largest medical complex of its kind in the country.

Annually, Cancun welcomes thousands of individuals from various global corners seeking to undergo an array of medical procedures. Affordability remains a key attraction, with patients managing to save approximately 60-80% in total healthcare costs, inclusive of travel and accommodation. As an illustration, a bariatric surgery that could set you back by $25,000 in the US could be feasibly done in Cancun for a mere $600.

The gamut of medical procedures offered in this beach-front city spans across dental treatments, alternative therapies, aesthetic surgery, cardiac surgery, cosmetic surgeries, as well as obstetrics and gynecology. The most sought-after treatments are typically dental and cosmetic surgeries, largely undertaken at acclaimed centers such as Perfection Makeover and Laser Center, Cancun Dental Specialists, and Hospital Galenia.

Popular parts in Cancun

Cancun, a prominent resort city, can be broadly classified into two distinctly different areas: the Zona Hotelera Cancun and Cancun Downtown.

• Zona Hotelera Cancun

The area encompasses several suburbs. The zone lies on the 15-mile long sandbar just off the mainland. Beachfront luxury resorts, shopping malls, multi-cuisine restaurants, and lovely Caribbean beaches are the highlights of the area. The nightlife is exhilarating with glitzy bars and salsa clubs. You can enjoy the rotating observation deck on the scenic tower Cancun to enjoy the breath-taking view of the ocean and the city.

Tourists can indulge in a number of water sport activities including snorkeling, windsurfing, paragliding, scuba diving, and water skiing. The natural water park Xel-Ha is ideal for snorkeling.

Your trip will be incomplete without a visit to the age-old Mayan Museum. Cancun is the starting point for discovering Maya Riveria, which houses the world's second largest coral reef.

The picturesque island, Isle Mujeres is just a few miles off the coastal line and has pristine beaches. The world-famous underwater Museum, MUSA is an absolute visual treat for the tourists. The museum has over 500 stunning sculptures. You can admire their beauty from inside the glass bottom boats.

• Cancun downtown

The downtown portion of Cancun is characterized as a bustling hive of lively shops, diverse eateries, and spirited pubs. Tulum Avenue stands out as the primary and most attractive boulevard in the area, boasting an impressive assortment of handicraft shops, theatre venues, departmental stores, and shopping centers.

The city’s expansive open-air market, Mercado 28, enjoys popularity for its vendors specializing in silver jewelry and unique souvenirs. Yaxchilan Avenue, a street forever brimming with animated bars and restaurants, virtually never sleeps.

The residential architecture within Cancun downtown predominantly comprises of apartment complexes and villas.

Weather and Climate in Cancun

Endowed with the quintessential sun-soaked holiday weather, Cancun boasts a tropical savanna climate characterized by two distinct cycles: the dry season and the rainy season. Average temperatures generally oscillate between 23°C and 28°C. Dips below 21°C are fairly rare, just as surges above 34°C.

The optimal time to plan a visit to this city spans from November to April. This timeframe offers moderate temperatures and minimal rainfall, making it an appealing period for a holiday. However, it's noteworthy that accommodation costs tend to hike significantly during these months.

1. Wet season: May to October and the city receives 984 mm rainfall during this season. Yet, during the day, you can enjoy plenty of sunshine. Short episodes of thunderstorms are more common and due to the less favorable climatic conditions, the inflow of tourists reduces during this season.
2. Dry season: November to April. The temperature is warm and it is the perfect time to swim. Occasional showers are common with a few cool and windy days.

Getting around in Cancun

It is easy to get around and navigate in Cancun, as most of the tourist attractions lie in the Zona Hotelera. Taxis, public buses and other means of transportation are available to cater to the needs of the locals and the tourists.

• Bus: Is the easiest and the cheapest way to get around. The one-way ticket can cost you somewhere between 0.50 cents to $1. The existing bus routes connect Zona Hotelera and Cancun downtown. You can visit all the locations on your bucket list by bus. Regional buses are available to travel from Cancun to other tourist towns.
• Taxis: They are not metered, so it is good to agree on the fare before departing. You can expect to pay $40-$50 if you are taking a taxi from the airport to downtown. Normally, inside the city, you need to pay somewhere between $10 and $25 per journey.
• Ferry: Ferry services are available to travel to nearby islands like the Isle of Mujeres. Ferries run at a frequency of 30 minutes and will cost around $19 for adults and $14 for kids for a return ticket.
• Flight: The second busiest airport of Mexico, Cancun International Airport is a 25-minute drive from the Zona Hotelera. Several domestic flights and International flights heading to the US, UK, and Europe operates from here.

Tourist Visa in Cancun

Visa requirements for Mexico:

Citizens of 67 countries, including Australia, Brazil, Belgium, Canada, the USA, UK, Spain, Japan, and more, are exempt from visas when visiting Mexico for up to 180 days.

Citizens of India, China, and Russia need to apply for a tourist visa in advance before traveling to Mexico. The tourist visa is valid for six months from the date of entry and can be extended for up to six months. The tourist visa fee is around $22 USD.

How to apply for a Mexican tourist visa:

You can apply for a Mexican tourist visa online or at a Mexican embassy or consulate. The online application process is relatively straightforward and takes about 20 minutes to complete. You will need to provide your passport information, travel dates, and contact information. You will also need to upload a digital photo of yourself.

Once you have submitted your application, you will receive an email confirmation. You should then receive your visa within 5 to 10 business days.

Additional Information

1. Mexico is ethnically diverse. Spanish is the main language widely spoken here. However, you will notice locals conversing in Mayan with each other. There are 68 indigenous languages in Mexico. Most People in Cancun will speak English.
2. The Mexican peso (MXN) is the official currency of Mexico. As of October 11, 2023, 1 USD is equivalent to approximately 19.6 Mexican pesos. The exchange rate fluctuates daily, so it is best to check the latest rate before traveling.
3. ATM machines lie inside the premises of the bank. Money exchange booths are there to convert currencies. Traders accept both credit and debit cards.
4. Almost 89% of the population in Cancun are Catholics.
5. Public holidays in Cancun:​​​​​​​

• ​​​​​​​New Year's Eve - January 1
• ​​​​​​​Christmas Day – December 25
• Revolution Day – Third Monday in November
• Independence Day – September 16
• Good Friday
• Constitution Day – First Monday of February