Oncology in United Arab Emirates

Oncology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the research, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. A medical professional who specializes in diagnosing and treating people with cancer is called an oncologist.

An oncologist can design a treatment plan based on detailed pathology reports that shows the type of cancer the patient has, how much cancer has developed, how fast the cancer is likely to spread, and what parts of the patient's body are involved.

The field of oncology has three main areas, which include:

• Medical oncologists use chemotherapy, hormonal therapies, and other types of targeted treatments to treat cancer. Most people think of medical oncologist as their primary cancer doctor. Medical oncologists help monitor and maintain patients' well-being, as well as helping patients manage side effects. Often patients follow up with their medical oncologist once their treatment is complete.
• Surgical oncologists perform the surgical removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue. They will help patients prepare for and recover from any surgical procedure they undergo during their cancer treatment. If your primary doctor suspects that you have cancer, a surgical oncologist is likely one of the first doctors you see. Surgical oncologists can perform biopsies, which involves removing a small tissue sample to be checked for cancer cells.
• Radiation oncologists treat cancer using radiation therapy. They use high-energy photon beams to target and destroy cancer cells. Approximately one-half of all cancer patients will undergo radiation treatment during their cancer care.

Because most cancers are treated with a combination of therapies, you could see two or all three different oncologists during the course of your treatment.

Besides the three main areas, there are also several other areas of oncology. These include:

• Pediatric oncologists diagnose and treat cancer in children. Some types of cancer appear more often in children and teenagers, such as leukemia, brain tumors, osteosarcoma, and Ewing’s sarcoma. Some pediatric oncologists focus on conducting research on childhood cancers, while others specialize in certain types of cancer.
• Gynecologic oncologists treat cancers that affect women, such as cancer of the ovary, cervix, uterus, vagina, and vulva. Additionally, they also treat complicated gynecological conditions that are not cancerous, such as fibroid tumors and endometriosis.
• Hematologist-oncologists diagnoses and treats blood cancers, such as lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. They may also specialize in the management of solid tumors.

Oncologists usually work with a variety of other medical professionals, including pathologists, diagnostic radiologists, oncology nurses, and oncology social workers. They may also work with doctors from other areas of medicine, such as neurologists, dermatologists, or urologists.

What does Oncology Involve?

There are many types of procedures to treat cancer. The types of procedures that you receive will depend on the type of cancer you have and how advanced it is. Some people who have cancer will only have one treatment. However, most people have a combination of treatments, such as surgery with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Below are the types of procedures to treat cancer:

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a type of treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells in the body and prevent them from growing. The drugs can prevent cell division, target the food source of the cancer cells’ (the hormones and enzymes the cells need to grow), and trigger apoptosis (a process in which cancer cells kill themselves).

• Chemotherapy drugs can be given in several different ways, including.
• Oral – taken in a pill or capsule form.
• Intravenously – through an infusion into a vein.
• Shots – injected with a needle.
• Topical – applying creams or gels into the skin. This type is used to treat certain types of skin cancer.

Chemotherapy drugs can also be given directly to cancer or directly to an area of the body, such as the abdomen or central nervous system.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy, or biologic therapy, boosts your body’s natural defenses to fight cancer. It uses substances made by your own body, or in a laboratory, to improve or restore your immune system function. It can stop cancer from spreading to other parts of the body, stop or slow the growth of cancer cells, and help your immune system work better at destroying cancer cells.

There are several types of immunotherapy to treat cancer, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, T-cell transfer therapy, monoclonal antibodies, treatment vaccines, and immune system modulators. Different types of immunotherapy may be given in different ways, such as intravenous (IV), oral, intravesical (directly into the bladder), or topical.

Targeted therapy

Targeted therapy uses drugs that are designed to specifically “target” cancer cells without affecting normal cells. It targets the cancer’s specific proteins, genes, or other tissue environment contributing to cancer survival and growth. These proteins and genes are found in cancer cells or in cells related to cancer growth.

The targeted drugs can block or turn off chemical signals that tell cancer cells when to divide and grow, stop making new blood vessels that feed cancer cells, change proteins within the cancer cells so the cells die, trigger the immune system to kill cancer cells, and carry toxins in the cancer cells to kill them.

• There are two types of targeted therapy:
• Small-molecule drugs, which is given through pills or capsules that you swallow
• Monoclonal antibodies, which are given through a needle in a blood vein.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy uses intense energy beams to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It most often uses X-rays, but other types of energy, such as protons may also be used.

Radiation therapy can be done in two ways:

• External-beam radiation therapy – this type of radiation therapy delivers radiation from a machine outside the body. You will lie on a table, and the machine (called a linear accelerator) moves around you to deliver radiation from several different angles. It is a quick and painless procedure.
• Internal radiation therapy – also called brachytherapy, involves both temporary and permanent placement of radioactive sources in the body. During the placement of the radioactive sources, you will be given anesthesia.

Hormone therapy

Hormone therapy stops or slows the growth of cancer that uses hormones to grow. It works by blocking your body’s ability to produce hormones or interfere with how hormones behave in your body. It can reduce the chance that cancer will return by stopping or slowing its growth, as well as preventing or reducing symptoms in men with prostate cancer.

Hormone therapy is usually used to treat breast and prostate cancer. It can be taken in many ways, including orally, through an injection, and surgery.

Stem Cell Transplant

People whose blood-forming stem cells are damaged by the very high doses of radiation therapy or chemotherapy can undergo stem cell transplant to restore the cells. Blood-forming stem cells are vital since they grow into different types of blood cells that you need to be healthy. The stem cells will be given to you through an IV catheter. The process is very much like receiving a blood transfusion.

Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment for cancer is a procedure to remove cancer from your body. There are many types of surgeries to treat cancer, which differ based on the part of the body that requires surgery, the purpose of the surgery, the amount of tissue to be removed, and your preference. In general, the surgery can be open or minimally invasive.

• During open surgery, one large incision is made to remove the tumor, some healthy tissue, and some nearby lymph nodes.
• During minimally invasive surgery, a few tiny incisions are made instead of a large one. These incisions are made to insert a laparoscope (a long, thin tube with a camera on its end) and special surgical tools. The laparoscope allows your surgeon to see the inside of the body, and the surgical tools are used to remove the tumor and some healthy tissue.

How Long Should I Stay in United Arab Emirates?

For chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy, the treatment schedule may vary. You may have treatment every day, week, or month. It may also be given in a cycle, which is a period of treatment followed by a period of rest to give your body a chance to recover. For surgical treatment, you may need to stay in the hospital for a few days, and you need to stay in United Arab Emirates for at least 10 to 14 days. Your oncologist and/or medical tourism team will advise you on the length of stay in United Arab Emirates.

What's the Recovery Time?

The type of procedure you undergo determines the recovery period. While you may be able to get back to your normal routine within 10 days after laparoscopic surgery, you may need to wait around 6 weeks to fully recover from open surgery. Your oncologist will give you a detailed recovery timeline.

What About Aftercare?

You will be given instructions on how to take care of yourself. Your surgeon or nurse will explain how to control your pain, how to take care of your wound, activities you can and cannot do, and how to spot signs of infections. You may also need to talk to a dietitian to help with eating problems caused by the treatment. You will need to attend follow-up checkups to monitor your condition.

What's the Success Rate?

Cancer survival has improved significantly due to constant advancement and improvements in the field of oncology, including improvement in treatments and screening (allowing for earlier diagnosis). Still, you need to be aware of the risks, such as infection, bleeding, nerve damage, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and hair loss.

Are there Alternatives to Oncology?

There is no other alternative than to see an oncologist when it comes to cancer treatments. Some people may choose to undergo meditation, hypnosis, and acupuncture as well, usually to relieve the stress, anxiety, and pain that cancer can bring.

Oncology in and around United Arab Emirates

About the United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates consists of seven emirates and they are Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Ras al-Khaimah, Fujairah, and Umm al-Quwain. Abu Dhabi is the richest Emirates due to its oil fields. The UAE population is close to 10 million people.

Shopping is often considered to be the most popular tourist activity in the UAE, certainly for Dubai and Abu Dhabi. there is no denying that going to a mall or souk is a great way of soaking up the local culture, Low prices are often due to the low rate of 5% VAT. There are various shopping festivals throughout the year, especially in Dubai and Abu Dhabi.

The UAE has become a worldwide destination for medical tourists due to its wide range of state-of-the-art technology, affordable treatments, and highly specialized doctors. UAE has already witnessed a sizeable increase in medical tourists who are drawn to the country for treatments ranging from major surgeries to rehabilitation and cosmetic corrections.

The country has been focusing on increasing its healthcare infrastructure in terms of quality as well as quantity, in line with its global aspirations for medical tourism  According to Medical Tourism statistics, UAE ranks in 5th place, The country has close to 40 hospitals when compared to only having 7 in 1970. The Government has mandated all companies to provide all their employees with health insurance

In the United Arab Emirates medical education and research foundations such as Al Jalila Foundation, Centre of Arab Genomic Studies, Red Crescent Society of UAE, and Sahi School Health Programme aim to provide the best hospitals and create the best-skilled professionals in the country. With high-quality hospitals such as American Hospital Dubai, Lifeline Hospital, Emirates Hospital, Rashid Hospital, and others, Dubai caters to ailments such as Ophthalmology, Orthopaedic, Rheumatology, Dermatology, Cosmetic and Plastic surgery.

Here are three good reasons why the UAE is the best place to go for medical tourism.

• The UAE has over 200 JCI-Accredited Hospitals and Clinics.

• The treatment modules, both surgical and non-surgical are cutting edge and certified.

• UAE has the best post-operative care in this part of the world.

Popular parts of the UAE

This nation is a fascinating fusion of the contemporary world and deeply rooted Islamic customs, creating a unique cultural tapestry that is a delight to explore. There are numerous notable structures that dot the landscape, beckoning those with an adventurous spirit to embark on unforgettable tours and soak in the rich architectural heritage of the region. The presence of botanical gardens enhances the country's natural beauty, providing tranquil spots amidst the rush of city life where one can take a leisurely stroll, enjoy a picnic, or simply sit and watch the world go by.

For those seeking an adrenaline rush, the country does not disappoint with its array of world-class amusement parks. These colorful wonderlands offer high-octane roller coasters, immersive virtual reality games, and lively entertainment shows which are bound to delight children and adults alike. In contrast, the country's stunning mosques stand as serene symbols of its deep religious underpinnings; their intricate design, ornate calligraphy, and contemplative atmosphere invite visitors to marvel at their grandeur and gain a deeper appreciation for the Islamic culture.

• Burj Khalifa- Is the tallest building in the world at over 800 meters, and is one of the most impressive sights in Dubai. Tourists can go up to the 124th and 125th floors of the Burj Khalifa. These floors have a circular observation deck and the panoramic view from here is a sight to behold and the view stretches from sea to desert.

• Burj Al Arab is best known for being the only 7-star hotel in Dubai and is located in the Burj Khalifa building 

• Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is one of the most beautiful attractions in Abu Dhabi and is an architectural masterpiece. The mosque is made of marble, and the walls and floors are embedded with colorful stones depicting flowers.

• Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi is a must-visit attraction. The Ferrari-themed park is home to the fastest roller coaster in the world, Formula Rossa, which accelerates to 240km/hr in as short as five seconds.

• The Palm Jumeirah is the biggest artificial island in the world and ensures that you visit one of its high-end restaurants and bars or stay in one of its 5-star hotels,

Weather and Climate in the UAE

The winter months of December through February offer a pleasantly warm climate in this region, with temperatures averaging between 24 °C and 26 °C. There are times, particularly in January, when cool northern air fronts make the days chilly and windy.

Scorching heat characterizes the summer season, from May to September, with daytime temperatures soaring between 38 °C and 42 °C. Warm winds from the Persian Gulf sweep in, carrying humidity from the sea. This makes April and October quite hot as well, with peaks around 33/36 °C. During the most intense summer days, temperatures can skyrocket to 47/48 °C along the country's splendid coastline.

The country experiences strong winds all through the year, but they become particularly forceful in the springtime. These winds occasionally lead to sand and dust storms, blanketing the landscape in a desert haze.

Getting around in UAE

The UAE boasts some of the world's most bustling airports with airplanes launching into the skies every five minutes. Out of all these, Terminal four of Dubai International Airport stands out as the busiest.

Travelling within the city is made simple with Dubai's extensive five metro line service. It serves as an excellent mode of transport to explore the city, offering easy access to a majority of landmarks and sought-after locations in Dubai.

Visitors also have the option of renting a luxury automobile for a personal driving experience around the city. However, before getting behind the wheel, ensure you possess an international driving license and the necessary insurance documentation as mandated by UAE's laws and guidelines. Considered the safest mode of transportation in the UAE, taxis are widely available. Tourists have two options: simply hailing one on the street or conveniently booking through a smartphone taxi app.

Tourist visas in the UAE

You can get a non-extendable visit visa or a tourist visa for 30 days or 90 days. Many job seekers use visitor visas to find work and convert their visitor visa to a work visa during their stay. Citizens of GCC countries and the European Union, USA, and the UK, Canada, Russia, China, Australia, and many other countries can get a visa on arrival. However, all passports must be valid for at least six months from the date of entry.

Visa on Arrival:

The visa on arrival facility is a convenient option for eligible citizens, eliminating the need for pre-arranged visas. Upon arrival at a UAE airport, simply proceed to the immigration counter, where your passport will be stamped with a visa.

Visa Conversion for Employment:

If you successfully find employment during your stay on a visitor visa, you can initiate the process of converting your visa to a work visa. This process typically involves sponsorship from your employer and may require additional documentation.

Additional Information

• Local Currency: The currency of the UAE is the Dirhams, abbreviated as DH or Dh. Each dirham is further simplified into 100 fils. There are currency notes of various denominations ranging from Dh 5 to Dh 1000. The currency features Arabic on the front and English on the back. One US dollar will fetch you 3.67 dirhams and the rate does fluctuate.

• Money and Payment: All retail businesses and restaurants accept credit cards and cash. ATMs and currency exchanges are conveniently located across the country. There are bank counters in various malls that will readily exchange your currency. Tipping is only at ten percent of the Service or good charges and is optional.

• Local Language: UAE is very cosmopolitan and therefore the local population understands a lot of languages including English. There are also translator services available everywhere at cheap rates. Arabic is a widely spoken language throughout the UAE.

• Local culture and religion: Islam is the state religion. However, society is very diverse and it is one of those countries in the world where the migrant population is 80% plus which far exceeds the local nationals. Any person of any nationality, whether based overseas or a resident of Dubai, can purchase in Dubai's freehold property market in designated areas

• Public holidays: Ramadhan is the biggest festival and Shops and malls are beautifully decorated all through the thirty days of fasting. The other public holidays is the Islamic New Year, the Prophet’s Birthday, and the King’s Coronation day. People also celebrate other festivals like the Hindu festival of Diwali and the Chinese New Year in the spirit of humanity and brotherhood.