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Also known as Gender Reassignment or Sex Change Surgery, Sex Reassignment Surgery (SRS) involves the surgical procedures required to change a person’s sexual characteristics from one gender to the other. The procedure can be used to transition a person from Male to Female and from Female to Male. Male to Female procedure involves reshaping of male genitals to appear and function as female genitalia (including a vaginoplasty), hair removal therapy, hormone replacement, facial feminization surgery, and Breast Augmentation.
Hormone treatment is started one year prior to surgery and continues after, where estrogen helps to reshape the body’s contours and stimulates the growth of labia majora. At least one therapist will be required to assess a patient’s psychological wellbeing before the go-ahead can be given.
The decision to have a breast augmentation should be an informed one that takes into account the potential risks and side effects. You should also have realistic expectations about the results of breast implant surgery to avoid disappointment. Find out about the procedure, the recovery period and any possible complications - ask your doctor or surgeon if you are unsure about anything.
One of the most common inquiries about the Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female) pertains to its expense. The financial burden associated with the procedure may significantly impact one's decision to pursue it. Nonetheless, it's not easy to pinpoint the exact cost, given that numerous factors can influence it. In Selangor, the total cost of the procedure may fluctuate considerably based on factors like surgeon qualification, the intricacy of the operation, and the span of hospitalization, to name a few.
It's vital to acknowledge that the Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female) is not a one-off event, but entails a succession of treatments and surgeries. Typically, it includes mental health sessions, hormone treatments, and several surgical procedures, all of which add to the general cost. Expenses post-surgery, such as medication, check-up appointments, possible extra surgeries, and supplementary therapies, also require consideration. Furthermore, expenses for travel and lodging in Selangor should be taken into account. For a precise cost approximation, reach out directly to the clinic.
Clinically speaking, sex change operation is known as “Genitoplasty Procedure”. This type of procedure can be performed to transition an individual from female to male and from male to female.
It is very important to understand that before you undergo surgery, you will need to first transition. Gender transition is a lengthy process that requires a lot of patience and resilience. In addition, it will be of great help if you have a strong support system to back you up in times of difficulty. It’s also essential that you have a therapist to not just help you with your emotional wellbeing before and after the transition, you will also need a letter of recommendation from your therapist before your surgery.
Transitioning from male to female will involve penectomy (removal of the penis), orchiectomy (removal of testes), vaginoplasty (creation of a vagina), and feminizing genitoplasty (creation of female genitalia). During the surgery, you will be induced with a general anesthetic.
You must start hormone treatment a year prior to your surgery to help reshape your body contours and stimulate the growth of your labia majora. Hormone treatment will be continued even after your sex-change operation.
There are popular MTF sex reassignment surgery techniques which you can choose from, two of which are: sex reassignment surgery with skin graft technique - the most popular SRS procedure, vaginal depth is up to 13-15cm (5-6 in). Another is sex reassignment surgery with colon graft - suitable for people with less scrotal skin and those who prefer a lubricated vagina and is considered as the most expensive procedure.
There are other procedures that you can undergo to fully transition from male to female. These may include; breast implants, facial feminization surgery (FFS), and another procedure would be to minimize the appearance of your Adam’s apple, etc. All procedures to help one fully transition will vary on the individual’s need and of course, their budget.
Prerequisites to Surgery
Popular MTF Sex Reassignment Surgery (SRS) Techniques
1. SRS with Penile Skin Inversion
2. SRS with Scrotal Skin Graft
3. SRS with Sigmoid Colon by Laparoscopic Technique
A lot of patients prefer having surgery overseas since it is far less expensive and most countries, like Selangor, have a very high success rate in terms of plastic surgery and gender reassignment surgery.
Recovery after surgery will be a long and painful process. It will also require several follow up procedures as well as constant monitoring so you will have to stay a little bit longer at the hospital until you are ready to be discharged. Generally, allow for a minimum of 3 weeks stay in Selangor after your surgery, this will allow for the removal of stitches and a few weeks of follow up visits with the surgeon.
Smoking before and after the surgery is highly discouraged and avoid smoking for at least two weeks to reduce risks of non-healing.
Most people are able to return to work in about 4-6 weeks after a sex change operation. Furthermore, you can resume strenuous work and exercise after 2 months. It is vital that you strictly follow all medication instructions during your recovery period.
Keep in mind, recuperation incorporates not only physical healing but also emotional rejuvenation. The Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female) implies a noteworthy modification in your way of living and acclimating to an altered body image and social identification requires patience. Mental health guidance proves to be an important element in the healing journey, offering emotional assistance and managing any mental obstacles that come up.
Social support is very important before and after the surgery, especially the support that comes from your family and loved ones. You have to be socially and emotionally stable before you undergo the operation. This is why it is required that you have proper counseling to help you with your emotional wellbeing. You have to prepare yourself mentally, before, during and after transition because it can be quite overwhelming and stressful.
It is also important that you maintain a regular check-up with your local doctor to monitor the progress of your healing and avoid complications.
The success rate for a sex change is very high nowadays, given technological advancements and the greater experience of surgeons. Gender reassignment surgery from male to female has a higher success rate than female to male; this is why more male transgender people opt for a sex change.
However, given the nature and complexities of this type of surgery, you also have to be aware of its complications, for example, there is always a possible risk of infection, severe pain, given the intrusive nature of the surgeries and the potential for blood clotting and scarring.
Possible side effects may also include a decreased sexual sensation and ability to orgasm, fistula (opening between rectum and vagina), narrowing of vagina and hair growth in the vagina from the grafted tissue and the partial death of tissue used to create the new vagina.
There is no alternative to a sex-change operation for those who want to fully transition their body to match their gender identity. Undergoing gender reassignment surgery will require a lot of time, energy, patience, and of course money. A vast majority of people who experience gender dysphoria never really surgically alter their appearance. Instead, they use creams and hormonal pills to alter their bodily appearance. Estrogens (female hormones) will help develop the breast, widen the hips, help lose facial hair and slightly increase voice pitch.
Prior to even undergoing the Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female), those considering this option should be aware that their health care provider will necessitate a thorough evaluation phase. This is implemented to ascertain that the individual is thoroughly prepared, both physically and mentally, for the major changes that the procedure implies. The evaluation generally includes multifaceted assessments of physical and mental health, as well as evaluating certain social circumstances. The objective of these assessments is to gauge the individual's preparedness and appropriateness for the procedure.
In this initial stage, the health care provider implements a cross-disciplinary strategy, typically engaging a collaborative team made up of endocrinologists, psychologists, and surgeons. The aim is the effective provision of required hormone therapy and mental health counseling, alongside addressing any possible health-related issues. This pre-surgery stage also serves to educate and obtain consent, meticulously discussing details such as the implications, possible outcomes, risks, and difficulties related to the Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female). Once approved for surgery, patients should be ready to adhere strictly to all pre-surgery directions to lessen any potential risks and complications during the process.
Post Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female), patients should gear up for a substantial recovery period. This will require dedicated wound maintenance, compliance with prescribed medicines, and following specific physical limitations to assist healing. Depending on the specific nature of the surgery, some patients might also have to adhere to a vaginal dilation plan. This plan necessitates consistent use of dilators to avoid the newly created vagina from becoming narrow during the healing period.
A comprehensive understanding and consideration of prospective hazards and difficulties linked to Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female) is vital before proceeding. As a significant surgical operation, it inherently possesses hazards such as intolerance to anesthesia, surgical infections, hematoma or blood congregating outside the blood vessels, excessive bleeding, or suturing problems. Even with the advancements in modern surgical procedures that help minimize these risks, they cannot be entirely eradicated and, therefore, must be anticipated.
The Sex Reassignment Surgery (Male to Female) encompasses elaborate and multifaceted surgeries like vaginoplasty, which have unique inherent risks. Some of these potential hazards include the possibility of diminished sexual sensitivity, complications in urinary functions, or challenges with the dimensions of the newly formed vagina. Other complications can include issues such as vaginal stenosis, a scenario where the vagina gradually shrinks and lessens over time, or rectovaginal fistula, a rare situation where a connection forms between the rectum and vagina unintentionally. Sometimes, more corrective surgeries might be necessitated due to post-surgical complications.
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers
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Occupying the status of both the most populous and developed state, Selangor is indeed the pride of Malaysia. Its advanced infrastructure and superior living standards, coupled with the country's lowest instance of poverty, make it stand out. Perfectly positioned on the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia, it envelops Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, both of which were formerly a part of Selangor. Despite its impressive development marked by towering structures,
Selangor manages to retain its natural charm boasting splendid landscapes and tranquil retreats. The state's deep-rooted cultural essence and unmatched healthcare services further enhance its appeal.
Selangor is the medical tourists’ favorite destination because of its geographical position and low cost of living. The state has some of the best medical experts with 12 government hospitals and over 30 private hospitals and medical centers, many of which are recognized internationally and accredited by Joined Commission International and the Malaysia Society for Quality in Health (MSQH).
Selangor has become a preferred destination for medical tourists who seek procedures such as dental surgeries, cosmetic surgeries, IVF treatments, and eye surgeries. Among the numerous hospitals offering these procedures, KPJ Ampang Puteri and Sunfert International Fertility Centre have gained immense popularity due to their high standards and patient-centric approach. This underlines Selangor's standing as a leading destination for healthcare in the region.
Tourists who want to indulge in Selangor’s beautiful nature can go to Kuala Selangor Beach (Mirror of the Sky), Chilling Waterfalls, Kuala Selangor Nature Park, or the National Zoo of Malaysia. Those who want to experience culture can visit Galeri Diraja Sultan Abdul Aziz, Mah Meri Cultural Village, and Sultan Alam Shah Muzeum.
Among Selangor's numerous tourist magnets, Batu Caves stands out. This impressive limestone hill is home to three large caves and multiple smaller ones. Revered as a national treasure of Malaysia, Batu Caves hold immense religious significance for the Hindu community.
Visitors are always in awe of the world's tallest statue of the Hindu deity, Murugan, situated here. In addition to the religious and natural appeal, the site also offers sights of varied cave fauna and thrilling climbing routes, delivering an all-round enriching experience.
The state’s capital, Shah Alam, also has plenty to offer. Tourists can go to I-City to see millions of LED lights, indoor park, or to shop. The Blue Mosque (Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque) is also a popular destination where tourists can see the beautiful mix of Islamic and Malay architecture.
Adorned with a tropical rainforest climate, Selangor is characterized by a warm and humid environment all year round. Daytime temperatures generally fluctuate between 25 - 35°C, but during the dry season, these can peak at a scorching 37°C.
The wet season ushers into the region as the calendar transitions into April, often extending as far as October, leaving the land generously watered. An increased intensity of rains is observed towards September and October, marking the peak of the rainy spell. For prospective visitors seeking to avoid the wet season, the months from late November to February typically prove the most comfortable for exploring and sightseeing, blessed with less rainfall and mild temperatures.
However, it should be remembered that even amidst the monsoon season, the weather isn't uniformly gloomy; there are often luminous intermissions. The sun tends to break through the rain-soaked clouds, bathing the land in its warm rays. Consequently, even during the monsoons, numerous days are well-lit, and visitors have ample opportunities to explore the local beauty undeterred. Brazil, in every season, has its unique appeal. Whether it's soaked in rain or draped in warm sunshine, it never fails to mesmerize its guests.
There are two main airports: Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) and Subang Airport. Kuala Lumpur International Airport is the main airport in Malaysia that has a multitude of routes across the globe. The airport is divided into two parts, KLIA that mostly serves large airlines, and KLIA 2 that focuses on serving low-cost carries. Subang Airport is the hub for FireFly and Malindo Air.
Navigating Selangor is made effortless by its well-established infrastructure. The primary means of transportation include taxis, trains, and buses. Taxis, while economical, can prove to be slightly tricky, as some drivers refrain from using the fare meter. Visitors are therefore advised to approach taxi counters to secure a fixed-rate coupon, ensuring they aren't subjected to inflated prices.
Public transit systems like the KTM Komuter Train, MRT, and LRT are widely recognized as the most efficient modes of transportation for traversing Selangor. However, it's important to note that these service networks may not extend to certain rural areas. When visiting these less accessible regions, tourists may find it beneficial to hire a car, thereby gaining the advantage of flexibility. Alternatively, the option of using bus services provides a more economical solution for easy mobility.
Nationals hailing from countries like China, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Bhutan, Serbia, and Montenegro are required to secure a visa prior to their arrival in Malaysia. Meanwhile, most other nationalities are offered the convenience of visa-free entry, valid for either a 30-day or 90-day stay. It is crucial for all visitors, regardless of their country of origin, to hold a passport that remains valid for at least six months subsequent to their entry into Malaysia.
An online visa application platform or eVisa is available for selected foreign nationals. eVisa can be applied around the world except for Malaysia and Singapore. Tourists who wish to visit Malaysia for medical treatment can apply for an eVisa Medical, valid for a single journey with a maximum of 30 days. The Malaysian Government has a very strict visa regulation, overstaying will result in RM10.000 fine and/or 5 year’s imprisonment, do ensure to extend your tourist visa if you need to.