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Mastectomy is a surgical procedure to remove all breast tissue from a breast. The goal of this surgery is to treat breast cancer. It is often performed when a woman cannot be treated with breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy), which is a surgery where only the tumor is removed while the breast is preserved. Mastectomy is also the main treatment for breast cancer in men. Because men only have little breast tissue, and most tumors in men appear under the nipple, surgeons usually need to remove the whole breasts. Depending on your situation, mastectomy can be done to remove only one breast (known as unilateral mastectomy) or both breasts (known as bilateral mastectomy).
Mastectomy may be recommended to treat numerous types of breast cancer, including early-stage breast cancer (Stages I and II), locally advanced breast cancer (stages III), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), inflammatory breast cancer, locally recurrent breast cancer, and Paget’s disease of the breast. Your doctor may recommend mastectomy if the cancer is in a large area of the breast or cancer has spread all around the breast. A mastectomy may also be recommended if you have a very high risk of developing breast cancer. Mastectomy performed to prevent breast cancer is known as prophylactic mastectomy. Doctors also recommend mastectomy for people with gynecomastia.
In most cases, breast reconstruction can be done at the same time as your mastectomy, but you can also choose to have it at a later date.
Breast cancer can be dangerous and life-threatening. It can change every aspect of your life in different ways. Breast cancer can also spread to other parts of the body, causing more complications. After a mastectomy, your quality of life should improve. Cancer may not spread to other parts of the body, and you may have higher survival rates.
Evaluating the expense related to a medical process such as Mastectomy remains a significant concern for many individuals. It's crucial to observe that the expense associated with this process in Costa Rica fluctuates among different medical establishments and is affected by numerous elements. For instance, the specific nature of the Mastectomy conducted - be it a complete Mastectomy, a lumpectomy, or a modified radical Mastectomy - will directly affect the overall expense. The complexity of each case also influences the duration of the procedure, which can in turn, alter the pricing.
A key part of the cost structure includes facility fees. Premium clinics or hospitals clinic may demand higher charges owing to their cutting-edge infrastructure, highly skilled surgeons, and top-notch care quality. The post-procedure stay duration at the hospital, the chosen room type, and any extra necessary treatments can also contribute to increasing the cost.
Extra expenses may consist of pre-operation consultations, diagnostic tests, medication, and possibly, physiotherapy after the surgery. Many of these elements are variable, emphasizing the importance of acquiring a detailed price breakdown from the selected medical establishment in Costa Rica before going ahead.
During a mastectomy, a horizontal or diagonal incision is made across your breast so the tissue can be removed. The amount of tissue removed will depend on the type of mastectomy you are undergoing as other parts of the breast may also be removed. Some of the main types of mastectomy are as follows:
All types of mastectomy are performed under general anesthetic, so you will be ‘asleep’ and unaware of anything while the surgery is carried out.
A mastectomy takes about 1 to 3 hours to complete. Most patients are allowed to leave the hospital on the same day. If the procedure is followed by breast reconstruction, you may need to stay for 2 to 3 days. In total, you should plan to stay in Costa Rica for 14 days because you will need to attend follow-up checkups and your doctor may want you to get more treatment based on your pathology report.
The recovery period depends on the type of mastectomy you undergo. The total recovery time may take about 4 to 6 weeks. However, you will be able to get back to work within 2 to 3 weeks (if your job does not involve a lot of physical activities).
In the current phase, crucial steps involve efficiently dealing with any discomfort, ensuring that the operated section remains hygienic and moisture-free, executing prescribed workouts for enhancing the mobility of the arm and shoulder, participating in subsequent check-ins, and slowly resuming typical tasks.
Paying attention to what your physical system is signaling and carving out substantial rest periods for rejuvenation are fundamental elements in accelerating the healing process. Implementing a balanced, nutritious diet and keeping a positive mindset can also drastically aid in faster recovery. Make sure you stay well-hydrated and avoid any activities that might strain the surgical area. Reach out to your healthcare provider whenever you have any concerns or questions, and don't rush through the process - remember that healing takes time.
Your surgeon will give you detailed aftercare instructions, which may include a diet plan, signs of infection to recognize, use of medicines, any restrictions, and caring for the surgical wounds. Your doctor may also recommend that you do some arm exercises to encourage a full range of movement back to the area around the arm.
You should also schedule regular checkups to ensure cancer has not come back. You can choose to have the checkups with your local doctor of the doctor in Costa Rica. Furthermore, if your pathology result shows that you will need more treatment, your surgeon may refer you to a radiation oncologist, a medical oncologist, or a counselor.
The survival rate for breast cancer patients may increase significantly after a mastectomy. A study revealed that 81.2% of women who had double mastectomy survived more than 10 years. In some cases, recurrence can occur, resulting in malignancy. This decreases the success rate of the procedure. Mastectomy done to treat gynecomastia is recorded to have a 90% success rate.
The positive outcome of a Mastectomy is highly dependent on thorough evaluations before surgery, skilled surgical execution, after-surgery care, and the patient's obedience to instructions following surgery. Subsequently, selecting a reputable medical facility with a demonstrated record of effective Mastectomy, offering a complete aftercare service, can significantly improve the total efficacy of the operation.
The alternative to mastectomy are as follows:
In preparation for a Mastectomy in Costa Rica, you should prepare for several preliminary activities. These can involve medical imaging studies, blood work, and a detailed conversation with your operating surgeon. This interaction with your surgeon serves as a chance to gain deeper knowledge about the operation, its likely risks and advantages, as well as exchanging your hopes and concerns. Furthermore, you will be given specific directives to adhere to before the procedure, such as guidelines on fasting and alterations to your present medication regime.
After the operation, you will be relocated to a recuperation area where medical staff will maintain a close watch on your vital signs. The duration of your hospital admission can fluctuate, but anticipate remaining in the facility for several days following the operation. Common physical discomforts such as pain, inflammation, and discoloration are manageable with prescribed drugs. Additionally, you will be given guidance on caring for your surgical wound, restrictions on physical activities, and signs to be vigilant for.
The process of healing from Mastectomy can be slow and requires a conscientious approach to personal care and routine check-ups. It's important to maintain realistic expectations since adapting to the physical and emotional shifts after the procedure could demand time. Open discussions with your health professional regarding any issues or hardships you're confronting are fundamental. Given the emotional toll of Mastectomy, sourcing psychological assistance during this recuperation period could be advantageous.
Like other surgical procedures, mastectomy carries a risk of complications. The risks you need to be aware of are:
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers
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Costa Rica is a tiny country in Central America, bordered by Panama, Nicaragua, the Caribbean Sea, and the Pacific Ocean. This country is generally regarded as having the most democratic and stable government of all the Central American countries. It charms its visitors with unspoiled beaches, lush rainforests, a plethora of wildlife, and steaming volcanoes. Besides its breathtaking landscape, Costa Rica is also famous for its healthcare. Tens of thousands of medical tourists come to this country to take advantage of its world-class yet inexpensive medical care. Most of the medical procedures in the country are 40% to 50% cheaper than in the United States or Europe. Cosmetic surgery and dentistry are the most sought-after procedure, but a growing number of foreign patients also come for orthopedic treatment, bariatric surgery, and eye surgery.
Surrounded by volcanoes and green hills, San José, the capital and largest city of Costa Rica, has one of the most spectacular settings in the world. This laid-back and pleasant capital is filled with colonial mansions that have been converted into contemporary galleries, amazing food, and vibrant nightlife. The most popular attractions in this city are Museo de Jade, Teatro Nacional, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, and Mercado Central. Those who want to relax under the sun usually visit Tamarindo, which is famous for its beaches. Here, visitors can visit Las Baulas National Marine Park, go rafting in the Colorado River, or relax in Playa Tamarindo.
Due to its close proximity to the Equator, Costa Rica is a tropical country with two seasons: the dry “summer” season and rainy “winter” season. The dry season, from January to April, is warm and pleasant. Rain is very unlikely to fall during this season, even in the rainforests. The rainy season, sometimes called the “green season,” is hot and humid. Rain usually falls in the afternoon and evening, while the mornings are often sunny. On the Caribbean coast, rainfall is spread out throughout the year, but it gets far less rain in September and October.
Juan Santamaría International Airport is the main international airport in Costa Rica, located in San José. It has various flights to domestic and international destinations, including Toronto, Mexico, New York, and London. Affordable domestic flights between San José and popular destinations are the fastest way to get around and handy for accessing the more remote areas. Buses are reasonably priced and have an extensive network, but they can be slow. Private and shared shuttles are available, the best way to get around is, however, by renting a car as it gives more flexibility and allows you to access more remote destinations.
Everyone who wants to visit and stay in Costa Rica is required to have a passport unless they are a citizen of one of the visa-exempt countries. The visa-exempt countries include EU countries, the UK, the US, Australia, Russia, and several other nations. Citizens of other countries not listed in the visa exemption agreement need to apply and obtain a visa before visiting.